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Recent Submissions

ItemOpen Access
Perioperative Blindness in Spine Surgery: A Scoping Literature Review.
(Journal of clinical medicine, 2024-02) Sperber, Jacob; Owolo, Edwin; Zachem, Tanner J; Bishop, Brandon; Johnson, Eli; Lad, Eleonora M; Goodwin, C Rory
Perioperative vision loss (POVL) is a devastating surgical complication that impacts both the recovery from surgery and quality of life, most commonly occurring after spine surgery. With rates of spine surgery dramatically increasing, the prevalence of POVL will increase proportionately. This scoping review aims to aggregate the literature pertinent to POVL in spine surgery and consolidate recommendations and preventative measures to reduce the risk of POVL. There are several causes of POVL, and the main contribution following spine surgery is ischemic optic neuropathy (ION). Vision loss often manifests immediately following surgery and is irreversible and severe. Diffusion weighted imaging has recently surfaced as a diagnostic tool to identify ION. There are no effective treatments; therefore, risk stratification for counseling and prevention are vital. Patients undergoing prone surgery of long duration and/or with significant expected blood loss are at greatest risk. Future research is necessary to develop effective treatments.
ItemOpen Access
Beyond the Towers: September 11, 2001 Watching the Past & Present to Understand the Surveilled Future
(2023-12-22) Shubrick, Jordyn
September 11, 2023, marked twenty-two years since the tragedy of 9/11. In this project, I examine the stories that are told and remembered to date about the September 11 attacks on the United States of America and the subsequent events that followed. After the World Trade Center and the Pentagon were tragically attacked on September 11, 2001, many media outlets began highlighting the significance of the attack, capturing the magnitude of the events. This project will look at what is memorialized, remembered, and cemented across the 22 years in our social memory of 9/11. I will further explore what is rooted in politics and memorials, shaped through the media. Through the historical narrative of celebrations of 9/11, looking at memory, memorialization, fear, and what lies ahead for the surveilled future ultimately assesses the forever remembrance of 9/11 in media and memorials and how memory operates to influence Americans' view of safety.
ItemOpen Access
Me, Myself, and I: Understanding Identity Denial of Multiethnic and Multiracial People in White Settings
(2023-03-12) Maksud, Samantha
How people identify themselves and the reasons behind self-identification are important in understanding the human experience and interactions in social groups. Understanding how people navigate their identity when denied access to multiple identity groups they inherently belong to is equally as important. This is known as “Identity Denial.” Identity denial is a type of social threat to acceptance that occurs when an individual goes unrecognized by a group to which they belong. This typically happens when the individual does not resemble a prototypical member of the group. I theorize that Identity Denial contributes to how multi-ethnic individuals navigate their identity in predominantly white social settings. In this project, I synthesize secondary research focusing on the four main chapters of identity denial, identity switching, negotiation of identity, and belonging in social groups.
ItemOpen Access
Characterizing imaging radiation risk in a population of 8918 patients with recurrent imaging for a better effective dose.
(Scientific reports, 2024-03) Ria, Francesco; Rehani, Madan M; Samei, Ehsan
An updated extension of effective dose was recently introduced, namely relative effective dose ( Er ), incorporating age and sex factors. In this study we extended Er application to a population of about 9000 patients who underwent multiple CT imaging exams, and we compared it with other commonly used radiation protection metrics in terms of their correlation with radiation risk. Using Monte Carlo methods, Er , dose-length-product based effective dose ( EDLP ), organ-dose based effective dose ( EOD ), and organ-dose based risk index ( RI ) were calculated for each patient. Each metric's dependency to RI was assessed in terms of its sensitivity and specificity. Er showed the best sensitivity, specificity, and agreement with RI (R2 = 0.97); while EDLP yielded the lowest specificity and, along with EOD , the lowest sensitivity. Compared to other metrics, Er provided a closer representation of patient and group risk also incorporating age and sex factors within the established framework of effective dose.
ItemOpen Access
Challenges in the Management of Symptomatic Fallopian Canal Meningoceles: A Multicenter Case Series and Literature Review
(Otology & Neurotology, 2024-04) Filip, Peter; Chiang, Harry; Goldberg, Allison; Khorsandi, Azita S; Moonis, Gul; Moody Antonio, Stephanie A; Wanna, George; Cosetti, Maura
Objective To describe the presentations, the diagnosis, our treatment approaches, and the outcomes for 11 patients with fallopian canal meningocele (FCM). Study Design: Multicenter Retrospective case series. Setting Tertiary referral centers. Patients Patients (N = 11) with radiographically or intraoperatively identified, symptomatic FCM. Interventions Surgical repair of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak and meningocele versus observation. Main Outcome Measures Presentation (including symptoms, radiographic imaging, and comorbidities), management (including surgical approach, technique for packing, use of lumbar drain), clinical outcomes (control of CSF leak, meningitis, facial nerve function), and revision surgery. Results Patients presented with spontaneous CSF leak (n = 7), conductive (N = 11) and sensorineural hearing loss (n = 3), nonpositional intermittent vertigo (n = 3), headaches (n = 4), and recurrent meningitis (n = 1). Risk factors in our series included obesity (n = 4), Chiari 1 malformation (n = 1), and head trauma (n = 2). Noncontrast computed tomography of the temporal bone and magnetic resonance imaging were positive for FCM in 10 patients. Eight patients were managed surgically via a transmastoid approach (n = 4), combined transmastoid and middle fossa (N = 3), or middle fossa alone (n = 1); three were managed conservatively with observation. Postoperative complications included worsened facial nerve palsy (n = 1), recurrent meningitis (n = 1), and persistent CSF leak that necessitated revision (n = 1). Conclusions Facial nerve meningoceles are rare with variable presentation, often including CSF otorrhea. Management can be challenging and guided by symptomatology and comorbidities. Risk factors for FCM include obesity and head trauma, and Chiari 1 malformation may present with nonspecific otologic symptoms, in some cases, meningitis and facial palsy. Layered surgical repair leads to high rates of success; however, this may be complicated by worsening facial palsy.