<p>Gustation, also known as taste perception, is critical for the survival of most animal species. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster employs 68 different gustatory receptors (GRs) for the detection of sugars, bitter ...
<p>Establishing an axis of cell polarity is central to cell motility, tissue morphogenesis, and cell proliferation. A highly conserved group of polarity regulators is responsible for organizing a wide variety of polarized ...
<p>Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are multicavernous vascular lesions affecting the central nervous system. Affected individuals have a lifetime risk of recurrent headaches, focal neurological deficits, seizures, ...
<p>Copper is an essential trace element required by all aerobic organisms as a co-factor for enzymes involved in normal growth, development and physiology. Ctr1 proteins are members of a highly conserved family of copper ...
<p>The Gram-negative bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis is a common sexually transmitted pathogen that can cause severe sequelae including cause pelvic inflammatory disease and sterility. This obligate intracellular pathogen ...
<p>HDV antigenomic RNA is processed in two distinct pathways; it can be cleaved at the polyA site and polyadenylated to become mRNA for the delta antigens, or the RNA can be cleaved by the antigenomic ribozyme to become ...
<p>The visual system in humans provides the ability to interpret our surroundings from many distances. This complex system serves as a powerful sense which can drastically impact the quality of life when threatened or ...
<p><italic>Cryptococcus neoformans </italic>is a human fungal pathogen that is also ubiquitous in the environment. To cause disease inside a human host, <italic>C. neoformans</italic> must be able to sense and respond to ...
<p>Stroke is the leading cause of morbidity and the third leading cause of death in the United States. Over 80% of strokes are ischemic in nature, produced by a thrombus occluding the cerebral circulation. Currently, there ...
Thrombosis is initiated by platelets and leads to cardio-, cerebro-, and peripheral vascular disease, the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the western world. Antiplatelet drugs have improved clinical outcomes ...
<p>Thrombosis, or pathological blood clot formation, is intimately associated with cardiovascular disease and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the western world. Antithrombotics are commonly prescribed ...
Discrimination between edible and contaminated foods is crucial for the survival of animals. In Drosophila, a family of gustatory receptors (GRs) expressed in taste neurons is thought to mediate the recognition of sugars ...
<p>Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is a complex, late-onset disorder that is a frequent indication for corneal transplantation and affects women more frequently than men. Although linkage and association studies ...
<p>Low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) exposure (under 10.0 centigray (cGy)) from man-made sources, such as diagnostic imaging, predominates in the US population and comprises nearly 50% of an average individual's yearly ...
<p>The centromere is essential for chromosome segregation and genome stability. It is the site of kinetochore assembly and chromosome attachment to the spindle microtubules, and it is important for chromosome movement ...
<p>Hydrogen peroxide is used by animals and plants to deter the growth of microbial invaders by inflicting DNA lesions, protein oxidation and lipid membrane modifications. Pathogens protect themselves with enzymes and ...
<p>The ability to detect small volatile molecules in the environment is mediated by the large repertoire of odorant receptors (ORs) in each species. The mammalian OR repertoire is an attractive model to study evolution ...
<p>In <italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</italic>, proper maintenance of haploid cell identity requires the SIR complex to mediate the silenced chromatin found at the cryptic mating-type loci, <italic>HML</italic> and ...
<p>Basement membrane (BM) is a dense, conserved sheet-like extracellular matrix that provides structural support, compartmentalizes tissues, and regulates cell behaviors. Despite the barrier-like properties of BM, cell ...
<p>Although much research has focused on cognitive ability and the genetic and environmental factors that might influence it, this aspect of human nature is still far from being well understood. It has been well-established ...