Evaluation of flow direction methods against field observations of overland flow dispersion

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2012-10-29

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The D8, D8-LTD, D-LTD, D, MD, and MD8 flow direction methods are evaluated against field observations of overland flow dispersion obtained from novel experimental methods. Thin flows of cold water were released at selected points on a warmer slope and individual overland flow patterns originating from each of these points were observed using a terrestrial laser scanner and a thermal imaging camera. Land microtopography was determined by using laser returns from the dry land surface, whereas overland flow patterns were determined by using either laser returns or infrared emissions from the wetted portions of the land surface. Planar overland flow dispersion is found to play an important role in the region lying immediately downslope of the point source, but attenuates rapidly as flow propagates downslope. In contrast, existing dispersive flow direction methods are found to provide a continued dispersion with distance downslope. Predicted propagation patterns, for all methods considered here, depend critically on the size h of grid cells involved. All methods are found to be poorly sensitive in extremely fine grids (h 2 cm), and to be poorly specific in coarse grids (h = 2 m). Satisfactory results are, however, obtained in grids having resolutions h that approach the average flow width (50 cm), with the best performances displayed by the MD8 method in the finest grids (5 h 20 cm), and by the MD, D, and D-LTD methods in the coarsest grids (20 cm < h 1 m). © 2012. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

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10.1029/2012WR012067

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Orlandini, S, G Moretti, MA Corticelli, PE Santangelo, A Capra, R Rivola and JD Albertson (2012). Evaluation of flow direction methods against field observations of overland flow dispersion. Water Resources Research, 48(10). 10.1029/2012WR012067 Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/11627.

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Scholars@Duke

ORLANDINI

STEFANO ORLANDINI

Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Albertson

John D. Albertson

Adjunct Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

John Albertson received his B.S. in civil engineering from SUNY Buffalo; an MBA in Finance from the University of Hartford; a Masters in hydrology from Yale; and a Ph.D. in hydrologic science from the University of California at Davis. Before coming to Duke, he was an Associate Professor in the Department of Environmental Sciences at the University of Virginia.

Dr. Albertson's research interests include surface hydrology and boundary layer meteorology; semi-arid vegetation dynamics; Large eddy simulation of turbulence and turbulent transport; urban air quality; hydroclimatic controls on infectious disease dynamics.


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