Browsing Duke Dissertations by Duke Department "Pathology"

Now showing items 1-20 of 30

Auxiliary Wnt3A Signaling in Cell Fate Decisions of C3H10T1/2 Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Rossol-Allison, Jessica K. (2011)

Activation of Wnt signaling pathways is critical to a variety of developmental events across all animal taxa. These highly evolutionarily conserved pathways are also important in the adult organism for maintaining ...
Cell-Surface GRP78 and its Antibodies: Pathologic and Therapeutic Roles in Cancer

de Ridder, Gustaaf Gregoire (2010)

The chaperone protein GRP78 is primarily expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum, but it is also aberrantly expressed on the surface of cells under pathological conditions. One the cell membrane, GRP78 acts as a signaling ...
Characterizing Bladder Adaptive Immune Responses to Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Infections

Chan, Cheryl Yuen Yu (2012)

The mammalian urinary bladder is a highly specialized organ that must be able to withstand considerable amounts of osmotic pressure at its mucosal surface, in addition to maintaining an impenetrable barrier against ...
Dietary Carbohydrate Restriction Slows Prostate Tumor Growth

Mavropoulos, John Christakis (2008)

Glucose metabolism remains an intensely explored topic of cancer biology since the initial discoveries of Otto Warburg nearly 80 years ago. Many solid tumors metabolize glucose primarily to lactate despite the availability ...
Enhancing Cisplatin Delivery and Anti-tumor Efficacy Using Hyperthermia

Landon, Chelsea Dawn (2013)

Mild hyperthermia (39°C-43°C) has numerous therapeutic benefits as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of a variety of tumor types. Hyperthermia increases tumor blood flow and vascular permeability, promoting drug ...
Evaluation and Optimization of the Translational Potential of Array-Based Molecular Diagnostics

Kernagis, Dawn (2012)

The translational potential of diagnostic and prognostic platforms developed using expression microarray technology is evident. However, the majority of array-based diagnostics have yet to make their way into the clinical ...
Evaluation of LMP-420: A Novel, Nontoxic Drug with Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Therapeutic Potential for CLL

Mowery, Yvonne Marie (2012)

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in the Western world. Although treatment of this disease has advanced considerably over the past decade, CLL remains incurable with current ...
Gastric Fluid Aspiration-Mediated Pulmonary Allograft Failure

Chang, Jui-Chih (2013)

Since its first success in 1983, lung transplantation has become the treatment of choice for selected patients with end stage lung disease. However, long-term graft survival is relatively low compared to other solid ...
Genetic Dissection of the Biological and Molecular Role of IDH1 Mutations in Glioma

Reitman, Zachary J. (2012)

Gliomas are tumors of the central nervous system for which improvements in treatment are critically needed. Mutations in IDH1 and IDH2, which encode the cytosolic and mitochondrial NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, ...
Genetics and Biomarkers of Osteoarthritis and Joint Hypermobility

Chen, Hsiang-Cheng (2009)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder causing chronic disability in the world population. By the year 2030, an estimated one fifth of this population will be affected by OA. Although OA is regarded as a ...
Incorporation of CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides into α2-Macroglobulin: Development of a Novel Vaccine Adjuvant Delivery Mechanism

Anderson, Ryan Berger (2007-05-02)

Bacterial DNA is immunostimulatory, and the motifs responsible for this activity are unmethylated CpG dinucleotides. Following cellular uptake, CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) are trafficked to the endosome ...
Interactions of Mast Cells with the Lymphatic System: Delivery of Peripheral Signals to Lymph Nodes by Mast Cell-Derived Particles

Kunder, Christian (2009)

Mast cells, best known for their pathologic role in allergy, have recently been shown to have key roles in the initiation of adaptive immune responses. These cells are located throughout the body just beneath barriers ...
Investigation of Chondroprotective Mechanisms of Selenium

Cheng, Wai Ming (2010)

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element and metalloid involved in several key metabolic activities: protection against oxidative damage, regulation of immune and thyroid function, and fertility. Several recent lines ...
Lactate Metabolism in Cancer Cell Lines

Kennedy, Kelly Marie (2013)

Pathophysiologic lactate accumulation is characteristic of solid tumors and has been associated with metastases and poor overall survival in cancer patients. In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in ...
Leptin Regulation of Thymopoiesis During Endotoxin-Induced Acute Thymic Atrophy

Gruver, Amanda Louise (2009)

Thymus atrophy is highly inducible by stress and prolonged thymus atrophy can contribute to T cell deficiency or inhibit immune recovery after acute peripheral T cell depletion. Little is known regarding the mechanisms ...
Mechanisms Regulating Pulmonary Sensitivity to Radiation

Jackson, Isabel Lauren (2012)

At the present time, here is no approved medical countermeasure (MCM) for mitigating or treating pneumonitis/fibrosis following acute radiation exposure. Since it is neither ethical nor feasible to evaluate potential ...
Metabolic Targeting of Cancer Cells: Two Molecular Mechanisms Involving Glucose Metabolism

Quinones, Quintin Jose (2009)

Selective therapeutic targeting of tumors requires identification of differences between the homeostatic requirements of cancer and host cells. One such difference is the manner in which cancer cells acquire energy. ...
Mode of Adjuvant Action of the Nasally Delivered Cytokine Interleukin 1 Alpha

Thompson, Afton L. (2011)

Although monophosphoryl lipid A was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration, more vaccine adjuvants are needed to meet the demand for vaccines against new, emerging, and re-emerging diseases. Additionally, ...
Molecular Characterization of Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Gliomas

Duncan, Christopher Gentry (2012)

Glioma development and progression are driven by complex genetic alterations, including point mutations and gain or loss of genomic copy number, as well as epigenetic aberrations, including DNA methylation and histone ...
Premature Translational Termination and the Rapidly Degraded Polypeptide Pathway

Lacsina, Joshua Rene (2012)

Nearly thirty percent of all newly synthesized polypeptides are targeted for rapid proteasome-mediated degradation. These rapidly degraded polypeptides (RDPs) are the primary source of antigenic substrates for the major ...