Keeling, Lori ASpiridigliozzi, Gail AHart, Sarah JBaker, Jane AJones, Harrison NKishnani, Priya S2023-05-022023-05-022017-111552-48251552-4833https://hdl.handle.net/10161/27304We systematically reviewed the measures used in pharmaceutical trials in children/adults with Down syndrome without dementia. Our purpose was to identify developmentally appropriate outcome measures capable of detecting changes in cognitive and adaptive functioning in this population. Eleven studies were included and used diverse outcome measures across the domains of language, memory, attention, behavior, and executive/adaptive functioning. Our results highlight the challenges in selecting measures capable of capturing improvements in pharmaceutical trials in individuals with DS. We offer suggestions to enhance future research, including: conducting studies with larger samples of participants with a range of developmental abilities; modifying existing/developing novel outcome measures; incorporating advances from related areas and DS observational studies; and considering alternative analytic techniques to characterize treatment effects.HumansDementiaDown SyndromeCognitionMemoryAttentionCognitive DysfunctionJournal article2023-05-02