Diaz, Luis AFoss, Catherine AThornton, KatherineNimmagadda, SridharEndres, Christopher JUzuner, OvsevSeyler, Thorsten MUlrich, Slif DConway, JanetBettegowda, ChetanAgrawal, NishantCheong, IanZhang, XiaosongLadenson, Paul WVogelstein, Barry NMont, Michael AZhou, ShibinKinzler, Kenneth WVogelstein, BertPomper, Martin G2015-08-122007-10-10https://hdl.handle.net/10161/10369BACKGROUND: Traditional imaging techniques for the localization and monitoring of bacterial infections, although reasonably sensitive, suffer from a lack of specificity. This is particularly true for musculoskeletal infections. Bacteria possess a thymidine kinase (TK) whose substrate specificity is distinct from that of the major human TK. The substrate specificity difference has been exploited to develop a new imaging technique that can detect the presence of viable bacteria. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Eight subjects with suspected musculoskeletal infections and one healthy control were studied by a combination of [(124)I]FIAU-positron emission tomography and CT ([(124)I]FIAU-PET/CT). All patients with proven musculoskeletal infections demonstrated positive [(124)I]FIAU-PET/CT signals in the sites of concern at two hours after radiopharmaceutical administration. No adverse reactions with FIAU were observed. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: [(124)I]FIAU-PET/CT is a promising new method for imaging bacterial infections.ArabinofuranosyluracilBacteriaBacterial InfectionsBone and BonesCase-Control StudiesDiagnostic ImagingHumansMusclesPositron-Emission TomographyRadiopharmaceuticalsSubstrate SpecificityThymidine KinaseTomography, X-Ray ComputedJournal article1932-6203