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Browsing Scholarly Articles by Affiliation "African & African American Studies"
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Item Open Access A History of the Republic of Biafra(2020-08-31) Daly, Samuel Fury ChildsItem Open Access A Nation on Paper: Making a State in the Republic of Biafra(Comparative Studies in Society and History, 2020-10) Daly, SFCAbstractWhat role did law play in articulating sovereignty and citizenship in postcolonial Africa? Using legal records from the secessionist Republic of Biafra, this article analyzes the relationship between law and national identity in an extreme context—that of the Nigerian Civil War (1967–1970). Ideas about order, discipline, and legal process were at the heart of Biafra's sense of itself as a nation, and they served as the rhetorical justification for its secession from Nigeria. But they were not only rhetoric. In the turmoil of the ensuing civil war, Biafra's courts became the center of its national culture, and law became its most important administrative implement. In court, Biafrans argued over what behaviors were permissible in wartime, and judges used law to draw the boundaries of the new country's national identity. That law played this role in Biafra shows something broader about African politics: law, bureaucracy, and paperwork meant more to state-making than declensionist views of postcolonial Africa usually allow. Biafra failed as a political project, but it has important implications for the study of law in postcolonial Africa, and for the nation-state form in general.Item Open Access Archival research in Africa(African Affairs, 2017-04-01) Daly, Samuel Fury ChildsItem Open Access Capturing Emancipation(Latin American and Latinx Visual Culture, 2021-04-01) Legros, AyannaCurated by Yelaine Rodriguez and edited by Tatiana Flores, this Dialogues stages a series of conversations around Afro-Latinx art through interventions by Afro-Latina cultural producers. Black Latinxs often feel excluded both from the framework of latinidad as well as from the designation “African American.” The essays address blackness in a US Latinx context, through discussion of curatorial approaches, biographical reflections, art historical inquiry, artistic projects, and museum-based activism. Recent conversations around Latinxs and Black Lives Matter reveal that in the popular imaginary, Latinx presupposes a Brown identity. In their contributions to “Afro-Latinx Art and Activism,” the authors argue for a more inclusive and nuanced understanding of Latinx that does not reproduce the racial attitudes of the Lusophone and Hispanophone countries of Latin America, nor the black-white binary of the United States. They look forward to a time when the terms Afro or Black might cease to be necessary qualifiers of Latinx.Item Open Access Duress: Imperial Durability in Our Times by Ann Laura Stoler(Anthropological Quarterly) Makhulu, A-MItem Open Access Duress: Imperial Durability in Our Times by Ann Laura Stoler(Anthropological Quarterly, 2018) Makhulu, Anne-MariaItem Open Access Franz Boas: the emergence of the anthropologist(JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE, 2022) Baker, Lee DItem Open Access From Crime to Coercion: Policing Dissent in Abeokuta, Nigeria, 1900–1940(Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, 2019-05-04) Daly, SFC© 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Indirect rule figured prominently in Nigeria’s colonial administration, but historians understand more about the abstract tenets of this administrative strategy than they do about its everyday implementation. This article investigates the early history of the Native Authority Police Force in the town of Abeokuta in order to trace a larger move towards coercive forms of administration in the early twentieth century. In this period the police in Abeokuta developed from a primarily civil force tasked with managing crime in the rapidly growing town, into a political implement of the colonial government. It became critical in preserving the authority of both the local traditional ruler and the colonial administration behind him. In Abeokuta, this transition was largely precipitated by the 1918 Adubi War and the period of increased surveillance that followed it. This created new responsibilities and powers for the police, expanding their role in Abeokuta’s administration and raising their stock in the colonial administrative hierarchy.Item Open Access From the Other Side of the Sea: Rasanblaj/Reassembling Haitian Radio Archives of Exile(The Global South: Special Issue: Radio Cultures of the Global South, 2022-09-01) Wagner, Laura; Legros, AyannaItem Open Access Gaining ground: Squatters and the right to the city(2017-01-01) Makhulu, AMThis essay concerns the history of squatting in Cape Town beginning in the early to mid-twentieth century and concluding after the transition to democracy. It focuses specifically on a series of contiguous settlements in the south eastern region of the Cape Metropolitan Area.Item Open Access Genetic ancestry, skin color and social attainment: The four cities study.(PloS one, 2020-01) Teteh, Dede K; Dawkins-Moultin, Lenna; Hooker, Stanley; Hernandez, Wenndy; Bonilla, Carolina; Galloway, Dorothy; LaGroon, Victor; Santos, Eunice Rebecca; Shriver, Mark; Royal, Charmaine DM; Kittles, Rick AINTRODUCTION:The Black population in the US is heterogeneous but is often treated as monolithic in research, with skin pigmentation being the primary indicator of racial classification. Objective: This paper examines the differences among Blacks by comparing genetic ancestry, skin color and social attainment of 259 residents across four US cities-Norman, Oklahoma; Cincinnati, Ohio; Harlem, New York; and Washington, District of Columbia. METHODS:Participants were recruited between 2004 and 2006 at community-based forums. Cross-sectional data were analyzed using chi-square tests, correlation analyses and logistic regression. RESULTS:There were variations in ancestry, melanin index and social attainment across some cities. Overall, men with darker skin color, and women with lighter skin color were significantly more likely to be married. Darker skin individuals with significantly more West African ancestry reported attainment of graduate degrees, and professional occupations than lighter skin individuals. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings suggest differences in skin pigmentation by geography and support regional variations in ancestry of US Blacks. Biomedical research should consider genetic ancestry and local historical/social context rather than relying solely on skin pigmentation as a proxy for race.Item Open Access Introduction(SAQ: The South Atlantic Quarterly, 2016) Makhulu, A-MItem Open Access Introduction: Moral and Market disordering in the time of Covid-19(Cultural Dynamics, 2021-08-01) Crichlow, MA; Philipsen, DThis special issue composed of essays that brainstorm the triadic relationship between Covid-19, Race and the Markets, addresses the fundamentals of a world economic system that embeds market values within social and cultural lifeways. It penetrates deep into the insecurities and inequalities that have endured for several centuries, through liberalism for sure, and compounded ineluctably into these contemporary times. Market fundamentalism is thoroughly complicit with biopolitical sovereignty-its racializing socioeconomic projects, cheapens life given its obsessive focus on high growth, by any means necessary. If such precarity seemed normal even opaque to those privileged enough to reap the largess of capitalism and its political correlates, the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic with its infliction of sickness and death has exposed the social and economic dehiscence undergirding wealth in the U.S. especially, and the world at large. The essays remind us of these fissures, offering ways to unthink this devastating spiral of growth, and embrace an unadulterated care centered system; one that offers a more open and relational approach to life with the planet. Care, then becomes the pursuit of a re-existence without domination, and the general toxicity that has accompanied a regimen of high growth. The contributors to this volume, join the growing global appeal to turn back from this disaster, and rethink how we relate to ourselves, to our neighbors here and abroad, and to the non-humans in order to dwell harmoniously within socionature.Item Open Access Leith P. Mullings (1945–2020)(American Anthropologist, 2021-10-18) Baker, Lee DItem Open Access Lost in Translation: Reverted Black Panamanian Sporting Networks(Southern Cultures, 2023-06) Wallace, Javier LItem Open Access O navio de volta para casa: Tropos analíticos como mapas da e para a história cultural da diáspora africana(Contemporânea - Revista de Sociologia da UFSCar, 2020) Matory, J LorandItem Open Access ‘On the backs of Blacks’: the fetish and how socially inferior Europeans put down Africans to prove their equality with their own oppressors(History of European Ideas, 2023) Matory, J LorandItem Open Access Policing and the limits of the political imagination in postcolonial Nigeria(Radical History Review, 2020-05-01) Daly, SFC© 2020 by MARHO: The Radical Historians’ Organization, Inc. Nigeria’s police forces are famously ineffective and unpopular. Police agencies carry the dual stigma of having colonial origins and close connections to the military dictatorships that ruled Nigeria in its first forty years of independence. Despite their poor reputation, there is little political will to reform policing and virtually none to abolish it. This piece traces how the police are embedded in Nigerian society and politics, in order to understand why widespread dislike of a police force does not necessarily lead to calls for its dissolution.Item Open Access Reclaiming the Conveyor Belt: Physical Education Teacher Education as a Pipeline to the Professoriate for Black Males(Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 2022-04-01) Wallace, Javier L; Clark, Langston; Cooper, James EThere is a plethora of scholarship concerning the lack of academic achievement among Black males in the United States. Within higher education, this lack of achievement is represented as the difficult matriculation of Black males through their undergraduate experience and their lack of representation in the doctoral pipeline. The lack of representation has been explicitly documented within physical education teacher education and kinesiology scholarship—having been framed as the extinction of Black professionals in our field. Despite the ongoing deficit research about Black males and education, the purpose of this article is to present a framework for the recruiting, sustaining, and supporting of Black males to the professoriate through physical education teacher education. We utilized our personal experiences in a Black male doctoral pipeline to detail how physical education teacher education can be leveraged to mentor Black males within the field and others.