Browsing by Author "Corbie, Giselle"
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Open Access Access to COVID-19 testing by individuals with housing insecurity during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: a scoping review.(Frontiers in public health, 2023-01) Johannesson, Jon M; Glover, William A; Petti, Cathy A; Veldman, Timothy H; Tsalik, Ephraim L; Taylor, Donald H; Hendren, Stephanie; Neighbors, Coralei E; Tillekeratne, L Gayani; Kennedy, Scott W; Harper, Barrie; Kibbe, Warren A; Corbie, Giselle; Cohen-Wolkowiez, Michael; Woods, Christopher W; Lee, Mark JIntroduction
The COVID-19 pandemic focused attention on healthcare disparities and inequities faced by individuals within marginalized and structurally disadvantaged groups in the United States. These individuals bore the heaviest burden across this pandemic as they faced increased risk of infection and difficulty in accessing testing and medical care. Individuals experiencing housing insecurity are a particularly vulnerable population given the additional barriers they face. In this scoping review, we identify some of the barriers this high-risk group experienced during the early days of the pandemic and assess novel solutions to overcome these barriers.Methods
A scoping review was performed following PRISMA-Sc guidelines looking for studies focusing on COVID-19 testing among individuals experiencing housing insecurity. Barriers as well as solutions to barriers were identified as applicable and summarized using qualitative methods, highlighting particular ways that proved effective in facilitating access to testing access and delivery.Results
Ultimately, 42 studies were included in the scoping review, with 143 barriers grouped into four categories: lack of cultural understanding, systemic racism, and stigma; medical care cost, insurance, and logistics; immigration policies, language, and fear of deportation; and other. Out of these 42 studies, 30 of these studies also suggested solutions to address them.Conclusion
A paucity of studies have analyzed COVID-19 testing barriers among those experiencing housing insecurity, and this is even more pronounced in terms of solutions to address those barriers. Expanding resources and supporting investigators within this space is necessary to ensure equitable healthcare delivery.Item Open Access Increasing access and uptake of SARS-CoV-2 at-home tests using a community-engaged approach.(Preventive medicine reports, 2022-10) D'Agostino, Emily M; Corbie, Giselle; Kibbe, Warren A; Hornik, Christoph P; Richmond, Al; Dunston, Angella; Damman, Allyn; Wruck, Lisa; Alvarado, Manuel; Cohen-Wolkowiez, MichaelInequalities around COVID-19 testing and vaccination persist in the U.S. health system. We investigated whether a community-engaged approach could be used to distribute free, at-home, rapid SARS-CoV-2 tests to underserved populations. Between November 18-December 31, 2021, 400,000 tests were successfully distributed via 67 community partners and a mobile unit to a majority Hispanic/Latino/Spanish population in Merced County, California. Testing before gathering (59 %) was the most common testing reason. Asians versus Whites were more likely to test for COVID-19 if they had close contact with someone who may have been positive (odds ratio [OR] = 3.4, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.7-6.7). Minors versus adults were more likely to test if they had close contact with someone who was confirmed positive (OR = 1.7, 95 % CI = 1.0-3.0), whereas Asian (OR = 4.1, 95 % CI = 1.2-13.7) and Hispanic/Latino/Spanish (OR = 2.5, 95 % CI = 1.0-6.6) versus White individuals were more likely to test if they had a positive household member. Asians versus Whites were more likely to receive a positive test result. Minors were less likely than adults to have been vaccinated (OR = 0.2, 95 % CI = 0.1-0.3). Among unvaccinated individuals, those who completed the survey in English versus Spanish indicated they were more likely to get vaccinated in the future (OR = 8.2, 95 % CI = 1.5-44.4). Asians versus Whites were less likely to prefer accessing oral COVID medications from a pharmacy/drug store only compared with a doctor's office or community setting (OR = 0.3, 95 % CI = 0.2-0.6). Study findings reinforce the need for replicable and scalable community-engaged strategies for reducing COVID-19 disparities by increasing SARS-CoV-2 test and vaccine access and uptake.Item Open Access RADx-UP Coordination and Data Collection: An Infrastructure for COVID-19 Testing Disparities Research.(American journal of public health, 2022-09) Corbie, Giselle; D'Agostino, Emily M; Knox, Susan; Richmond, Al; Woods, Christopher W; Dave, Gaurav; Perreira, Krista M; Marsolo, Keith; Wruck, Lisa M; Kibbe, Warren A; Cohen-Wolkowiez, MichaelItem Open Access RADx-UP Testing Core: Access to COVID-19 Diagnostics in Community-Engaged Research with Underserved Populations.(Journal of clinical microbiology, 2023-08) Narayanasamy, Shanti; Veldman, Timothy H; Lee, Mark J; Glover, William A; Tillekeratne, L Gayani; Neighbors, Coralei E; Harper, Barrie; Raghavan, Vidya; Kennedy, Scott W; Carper, Miranda; Denny, Thomas; Tsalik, Ephraim L; Reller, Megan E; Kibbe, Warren A; Corbie, Giselle; Cohen-Wolkowiez, Michael; Woods, Christopher W; Petti, Cathy AResearch on the COVID-19 pandemic revealed a disproportionate burden of COVID-19 infection and death among underserved populations and exposed low rates of SARS-CoV-2 testing in these communities. A landmark National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding initiative, the Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics-Underserved Populations (RADx-UP) program, was developed to address the research gap in understanding the adoption of COVID-19 testing in underserved populations. This program is the single largest investment in health disparities and community-engaged research in the history of the NIH. The RADx-UP Testing Core (TC) provides community-based investigators with essential scientific expertise and guidance on COVID-19 diagnostics. This commentary describes the first 2 years of the TC's experience, highlighting the challenges faced and insights gained to safely and effectively deploy large-scale diagnostics for community-initiated research in underserved populations during a pandemic. The success of RADx-UP shows that community-based research to increase access and uptake of testing among underserved populations can be accomplished during a pandemic with tools, resources, and multidisciplinary expertise provided by a centralized testing-specific coordinating center. We developed adaptive tools to support individual testing strategies and frameworks for these diverse studies and ensured continuous monitoring of testing strategies and use of study data. In a rapidly evolving setting of tremendous uncertainty, the TC provided essential and real-time technical expertise to support safe, effective, and adaptive testing. The lessons learned go beyond this pandemic and can serve as a framework for rapid deployment of testing in response to future crises, especially when populations are affected inequitably.