Browsing by Author "Göknar, Erdag"
- Results Per Page
- Sort Options
Item Open Access Precarity in German Policy: The Vulnerabilities of Refugees and Asylees from Discrimination to Human Trafficking(2020-05-31) Suleiman, NadiyahTo create a safer, more inclusive environment for refugees and asylees, it is incumbent upon Germany’s federal government and community-based organizations to build effective, well-informed policy and strengthen Germany’s community response to address the vulnerabilities refugees and asylees face daily. The current policies in place do not adequately address the underlying vulnerabilities that refugees and asylees face within Germany, such as access to formal job markets, safe housing, social acceptance, security, etc. This results in a heightened precarity of refugees and asylees, leaving them vulnerable to discrimination, violence, and human trafficking. Policy that is aimed at the underlying causes of precarity is crucial. Providing information to refugees and asylees about their rights within Germany will increase their ability to self-advocate. Federal actors can expand formal trainings for government officials to include understanding human trafficking in the context of a refugee’s and asylee’s situation, thus, encouraging an inclusive and accurate approach to combat human trafficking from a top down perspective. These federal and state actors can also create more space for a community response to human trafficking of refugees and asylees, by relaxing its control of nonprofits, community-based organizations, and community service organizations. By expanding the influence of community-based organizations through diversifying partnerships and funders, community-based organizations can work outside of the federal sphere, providing a bottom up approach to human trafficking. Implementing and building upon these policy recommendations allows Germany to begin to evaluate its border policies’ role in creating precarity for refugees and asylees and collectively work towards a humanitarian approach to border control.Item Open Access The AKP's Rhetoric of Rule in Turkey: Political Melodramas of Conspiracy from "Ergenekon" to "Mastermind"(The Oxford Handbook of Turkish Politics) Göknar, ErdagIn 2008 the Turkish Constitutional Court was one vote shy of banning the ruling AKP for “anti-secular activity.” In response, the AKP began articulating a series of political conspiracy narratives, amplified through the media. Blurring the line between representation and reality, these political melodramas set the stage for the exercise of state power through the weaponization of investigations and judicial retaliation against the military and the opposition. From 2008 to 2013, the “Ergenekon” conspiracy depicted an anti-Islamist deep state organization and its involvement in illegal activities including military coups and assassinations—as if it actually existed. The Ergenekon conspiracy (and attendant trials) initiated a profound change in Turkish politics by breaking the power of the traditional secular-military alliance. In 2014, Ergenekon led to a spin-off called “Mastermind”, which targeted the AKP’s erstwhile ally and political rival the Gülen Hizmet (or “Service”) Movement, a transnational Islamic educational and media network led by imam Fetullah Gülen. Gülenists, with their strong presence in the police and judiciary, had been instrumental in the Ergenekon prosecutions. Mastermind was later credited with the anti-AKP Gezi protests and a corruption investigation into then Prime Minister Erdoğan in 2013 as well as for the 2016 failed coup. Relying on a literary-cultural analysis of the political field, this chapter argues that conspiracism in Turkey has functioned to prefigure and legitimate authoritarian governance, whether secular or Islamist. I redefine conspiracy theories as popular fictions indexed to political movements that can instrumentalize legal and electoral processes for the accumulation of state power and the undermining of democratic pluralism.Item Open Access The Demands of Integration: Space, Place and Genre in Berlin(2012) SchusterCraig, Johanna EThis dissertation argues that the metaphor of integration, which describes the incorporation of immigrants into the national body, functions as a way to exclude "Muslim" immigrants from German national identity, as these groups are those most often deemed "un-integratable" (unintegrierbar). By looking at cultural products, I explore how the spatial metaphor of integration is both contested and reproduced in a variety of narratives.
One of the recurring themes in integration debates focuses on finding a balance between multiculturalist strategies of population management; the regulation and enforcement of the third article of the German Basic Law, which guarantees gender parity; and the public religious life of conservative Islamic social movements like Salafism, which demand gender segregation as a tenet of faith. Discourses of women's rights as human rights and identity politics are the two most frequent tactical interventions on the integration landscape. My dissertation explores how identity, performance and experience of gendered oppression manifest in the autobiographical novels of Turkish-German women, comic books, journalistic polemics, activist video and the activities of the social work organization Projekt Heroes. Reading a broad array of cultural products allows me to explore the tension between the metaphor of integration and the reluctance of some to reenvision German national identity, with specific attention to how this tension plays out in space and place. Through literary analysis, participant-observation and interviews, I explore how the language of integration shapes the space of the nation and limits what the space of the nation could become. I argue that the tone of integration debates over the past decade has become increasingly shrill, and propose that limited and strategic silence may offer potential as a political strategy for reenvisioning modes of immigration incorporation.