Browsing by Author "Ha, Patrick K"

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    Mitochondrial mutations in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands.
    (PLoS One, 2009-12-30) Mithani, Suhail K; Shao, Chunbo; Tan, Marietta; Smith, Ian M; Califano, Joseph A; El-Naggar, Adel K; Ha, Patrick K
    BACKGROUND: The MitoChip v2.0 resequencing array is an array-based technique allowing for accurate and complete sequencing of the mitochondrial genome. No studies have investigated mitochondrial mutation in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinomas. METHODOLOGY: The entire mitochondrial genome of 22 salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC) of salivary glands and matched leukocyte DNA was sequenced to determine the frequency and distribution of mitochondrial mutations in ACC tumors. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Seventeen of 22 ACCs (77%) carried mitochondrial mutations, ranging in number from 1 to 37 mutations. A disproportionate number of mutations occurred in the D-loop. Twelve of 17 tumors (70.6%) carried mutations resulting in amino acid changes of translated proteins. Nine of 17 tumors (52.9%) with a mutation carried an amino acid changing mutation in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (NADH) complex. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Mitochondrial mutation is frequent in salivary ACCs. The high incidence of amino acid changing mutations implicates alterations in aerobic respiration in ACC carcinogenesis. D-loop mutations are of unclear significance, but may be associated with alterations in transcription or replication.
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    Relations of Current and Past Cancer with Severe Outcomes among 104,590 Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: The COVID EHR Cohort at the University of Wisconsin.
    (Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2022-08-15) Nolan, Margaret B; Piasecki, Thomas M; Smith, Stevens S; Baker, Timothy B; Fiore, Michael C; Adsit, Robert T; Bolt, Daniel M; Conner, Karen L; Bernstein, Steven L; Eng, Oliver D; Lazuk, David; Gonzalez, Alec; Hayes-Birchler, Todd; Jorenby, Douglas E; D'Angelo, Heather; Kirsch, Julie A; Williams, Brian S; Kent, Sean; Kim, Hanna; Lubanski, Stanley A; Yu, Menggang; Suk, Youmi; Cai, Yuxin; Kashyap, Nitu; Mathew, Jomol; McMahan, Gabriel; Rolland, Betsy; Tindle, Hilary A; Warren, Graham W; Abu-El-Rub, Noor; An, Lawrence C; Boyd, Andrew D; Brunzell, Darlene H; Carrillo, Victor A; Chen, Li-Shiun; Davis, James M; Deshmukh, Vikrant G; Dilip, Deepika; Goldstein, Adam O; Ha, Patrick K; Iturrate, Eduardo; Jose, Thulasee; Khanna, Niharika; King, Andrea; Klass, Elizabeth; Lui, Michelle; Mermelstein, Robin J; Poon, Chester; Tong, Elisa; Wilson, Karen M; Theobald, Wendy E; Slutske, Wendy S

    Background

    There is mixed evidence about the relations of current versus past cancer with severe COVID-19 outcomes and how they vary by patient and cancer characteristics.

    Methods

    Electronic health record data of 104,590 adult hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were obtained from 21 United States health systems from February 2020 through September 2021. In-hospital mortality and ICU admission were predicted from current and past cancer diagnoses. Moderation by patient characteristics, vaccination status, cancer type, and year of the pandemic was examined.

    Results

    6.8% of the patients had current (n = 7,141) and 6.5% had past (n = 6,749) cancer diagnoses. Current cancer predicted both severe outcomes but past cancer did not; adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for mortality were 1.58 (95% CI: 1.46, 1.70) and 1.04 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.13), respectively. Mortality rates decreased over the pandemic but the incremental risk of current cancer persisted, with the increment being larger among younger vs. older patients. Prior COVID-19 vaccination reduced mortality generally and amongst those with current cancer (aOR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.53 to 0.90).

    Conclusions

    Current cancer, especially amongst younger patients, posed a substantially increased risk for death and ICU admission among COVID-19 patients; prior COVID-19 vaccination mitigated the risk associated with current cancer. Past history of cancer was not associated with higher risks for severe COVID-19 outcomes for most cancer types.

    Impact

    This study clarifies the characteristics that modify the risk associated with cancer on severe COVID-19 outcomes across the first 20 months of the COVID-19 pandemic.