Browsing by Author "Karrer, LB"

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    Lessons Learned from the Marine Management Area Science Program: Insights for Global Conservation Science Programs
    (Coastal Management, 2015-03-04) Hastings, JG; Orbach, MK; Karrer, LB; Kaufman, L
    © 2015, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Drawing on experiences from the four regions and the overall conduct of the Marine Management Area Science (MMAS) program, this concluding article highlights emergent cross-cutting themes that affected MMAS programs across the regions, summarizes the important conservation outcomes of the MMAS program, and then discusses lessons gained from the actual process of conducting the MMAS program. Based on these insights, particularly the last section, this article concludes with recommendations for other conservation programs, specifically those that are global in scope and are science-based with a specific intent to apply that science to conservation action.
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    MMAS in Belize
    (Coastal Management, 2015-03-04) Hastings, JG; Orbach, MK; Karrer, LB; Kaufman, L
    © 2015, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. This article is part of a special issue that provides insight into global conservation science by analyzing a 5-year, $12.5 million global marine conservation science and policy program. In this article, we summarize the development of the program in Belize, which concentrated its effort in the southern portion of the country. The marine managed areas that developed in Belize took a variety of different forms, and involved a number of different government and private sector agencies and organizations.
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    MMAS in Fiji
    (Coastal Management, 2015-03-04) Hastings, JG; Orbach, MK; Karrer, LB; Kaufman, L
    © 2015, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. This article is part of a special issue that provides insight into global conservation science by analyzing a 5-year, $12.5 million global marine conservation science and policy program. In this article, we summarize the development of the program in Fiji. In Fiji, the development of marine managed areas was based on the historical system of Qoli-qoli, moderated by the history of British colonialism, wherein local chiefs and villages controlled access to, and rules for the use of, nearshore marine environments.
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    Multisite, Interdisciplinary Applications of Science to Marine Policy: The Conservation International Marine Management Area Science Program
    (Coastal Management, 2015-03-04) Hastings, JG; Orbach, MK; Karrer, LB; Kaufman, L
    © 2015, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. This special issue provides insight into global conservation science by analyzing a 5-year, $12.5 million global marine conservation science and policy program that included over 50 studies in four priority regions involving over 100 scientists and numerous partners. In doing so, it provides reflections on critical challenges for any conservation science program that is intended to inform policymaking, including how to (1) ensure that science process and products influence conservation actions, (2) build global learning from a network of site-based projects, (3) strengthen in-region capacity, and (4) manage relationships across scales among scientists, conservationists, headquarters, and field-based staff. Information is presented on the development and progress of the program as a whole in addition to specific articles covering each of four focal geographic areas: Belize, Brazil, the Eastern Tropical Pacific Seascape, and Fiji.
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    Reexamining the science of marine protected areas: Linking knowledge to action
    (Conservation Letters, 2012-01-01) Fox, HE; Mascia, MB; Basurto, X; Costa, A; Glew, L; Heinemann, D; Karrer, LB; Lester, SE; Lombana, AV; Pomeroy, RS; Recchia, CA; Roberts, CM; Sanchirico, JN; Pet-Soede, L; White, AT
    Marine protected areas (MPAs) are often implemented to conserve or restore species, fisheries, habitats, ecosystems, and ecological functions and services; buffer against the ecological effects of climate change; and alleviate poverty in coastal communities. Scientific research provides valuable insights into the social and ecological impacts of MPAs, as well as the factors that shape these impacts, providing useful guidance or "rules of thumb" for science-based MPA policy. Both ecological and social factors foster effective MPAs, including substantial coverage of representative habitats and oceanographic conditions; diverse size and spacing; protection of habitat bottlenecks; participatory decisionmaking arrangements; bounded and contextually appropriate resource use rights; active and accountable monitoring and enforcement systems; and accessible conflict resolution mechanisms. For MPAs to realize their full potential as a tool for ocean governance, further advances in policy-relevant MPA science are required. These research frontiers include MPA impacts on nontarget and wide-ranging species and habitats; impacts beyond MPA boundaries, on ecosystem services, and on resource-dependent human populations, as well as potential scale mismatches of ecosystem service flows. Explicitly treating MPAs as "policy experiments" and employing the tools of impact evaluation holds particular promise as a way for policy-relevant science to inform and advance science-based MPA policy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.