Browsing by Author "Killian, Michael"

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    ItemOpen Access
    Predicting future suicidal events in adolescents using the Concise Health Risk Tracking Self-Report (CHRT-SR).
    (Journal of psychiatric research, 2020-07) Mayes, Taryn L; Killian, Michael; Rush, A John; Emslie, Graham J; Carmody, Thomas; Kennard, Betsy D; Jha, Manish K; King, Jessica; Hughes, Jennifer L; Trivedi, Madhukar H

    Background

    Several self-report rating scales have been developed to assess suicidal ideation, yet most have limited utility in predicting future suicide attempts. This is particularly critical in adolescence, where suicide is the second leading cause of death. This study evaluated the Concise Health Risk Tracking Self-Report (CHRT-SR) as a prospective predictor of suicide attempts and events in high-risk adolescents enrolled in a suicide-prevention intensive outpatient program (IOP).

    Methods

    Data were collected by retrospective chart review of adolescents treated in IOP for youth with severe suicidality. At baseline, youth completed the 14-item CHRT-SR (CHRT-SR14), which assesses suicide risk based on 3 subscales: Propensity, Impulsivity, and Suicidal Thoughts. Two outcomes were assessed: actual suicide attempts and suicidal events (suicide attempt, inpatient hospitalization, or emergency department visit) during the IOP.

    Results

    Of the 251 adolescents who completed the baseline CHRT-SR14, 26 had a suicidal event during IOP (mean time in IOP: 5.4 ± 2.3 weeks), of whom 14 had an actual suicide attempt. Youth with any suicidal event had higher scores than those without an event on the CHRT-SR14 Total (p = .005), Propensity (p = .008), and Suicidal Thoughts (p = .001) scales at baseline. Youth who made a suicide attempt had significantly higher scores than those without an event for the Total Score, Propensity, and Suicidal Thoughts subscales. CHRT-SR14 Total Score of 28 had a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 56.5% in predicting suicide attempts. A score of 22 predicted suicidal events, with a sensitivity of 80.8% and specificity of 40.9%. CHRT-SR7 Total Score of 12 predicted suicide attempts, with a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 53.4%.

    Conclusions

    The CHRT-SR14 self-report predicts suicide attempts and events with at least 80% sensitivity and acceptable specificity in adolescents at high-risk for suicide.
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    ItemOpen Access
    The Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire: Validation of a Shortened Version in U.S. Youths.
    (Frontiers in psychology, 2020-01) Anderson, Jacqueline R; Killian, Michael; Hughes, Jennifer L; Rush, A John; Trivedi, Madhukar H

    Introduction

    Resilience is a factor in how youth respond to adversity. The 88-item Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire is a comprehensive, multi-dimensional self-report measure of resilience developed with Australian youth.

    Methods

    Using a cross-sectional adolescent population (n = 3,222), confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to replicate the original factor structure. Over half of the adolescents were non-white and 9th graders with a mean age of 15.5.

    Results

    Our exploratory factor analysis shortened the measure for which we conducted the psychometric analyses. The original factor structure was not replicated. The exploratory factor analysis provided a 49-item measure. Internal consistency reliability for all 12 factors ranged from acceptable (α> 0.70-0.80). The revised factor total scores were highly and significantly correlated with item-total correlation coefficients (r > 0.63, p < 0.001).

    Conclusion

    This revised shorter 49-item version of the Adolescent Resilience Questionnaire could be deployed and has acceptable psychometric properties.