Browsing by Author "Liu, X"

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Open Access
Bi-layer metamaterials as fully functional near-perfect infrared absorbers
(APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 2015-07-13) Adomanis, BM; Watts, CM; Koirala, M; Liu, X; Tyler, T; West, KG; Starr, T; Bringuier, JN; Starr, AF; Jokerst, NM; Padilla, WJ
Open Access
Carcinoids and Capsules: A Case Series Highlighting the Utility of Capsule Endoscopy in Patients With Small Bowel Carcinoids
(Gastroenterology Research, 2017-12-20) Noujaim, M; Green, J; Min, M; Schlieve, C; Patel, K; Cahan, M; Cave, D
Open Access
Differential response to exercise in claudin-low breast cancer
(Oncotarget, 2017-01-01) Glass, OK; Bowie, M; Fuller, J; Darr, D; sary, JU; Boss, K; Choudhury, KR; Liu, X; Zhang, Z; Locasale, JW; Williams, C; Dewhirst, MW; Jones, LW; Seewaldt, V
© Glass et al. Exposure to exercise following a breast cancer diagnosis is associated with reductions in the risk of recurrence. However, it is not known whether breast cancers within the same molecular-intrinsic subtype respond differently to exercise. Syngeneic mouse models of claudin-low breast cancer (i.e., EO771, 4TO7, and C3(1)SV40Tagp16- luc) were allocated to a uniform endurance exercise treatment dose (forced treadmill exercise) or sham-exercise (stationary treadmill). Compared to shamcontrols, endurance exercise treatment differentially affected tumor growth rate: 1- slowed (EO771), 2- accelerated (C3(1)SV40Tag-p16-luc), or 3- was not affected (4TO7). Differential sensitivity of the three tumor lines to exercise was paralleled by effects on intratumoral Ki-67, Hif1-a, and metabolic programming. Inhibition of Hif1-α synthesis by the cardiac glycoside, digoxin, completely abrogated exerciseaccelerated tumor growth in C3(1)SV40Tag-p16-luc. These results suggest that intratumoral Hif1-α expression is an important determinant of claudin-low breast cancer adaptation to exercise treatment.
Open Access
Interaction Between the FOXO1A-209 Genotype and Tea Drinking Is Significantly Associated with Reduced Mortality at Advanced Ages.
(Rejuvenation Res, 2016-06) Zeng, Y; Chen, H; Ni, T; Ruan, R; Nie, C; Liu, X; Feng, L; Zhang, F; Lu, J; Li, J; Li, Y; Tao, W; Gregory, SG; Gottschalk, W; Lutz, MW; Land, KC; Yashin, A; Tan, Q; Yang, Z; Bolund, L; Ming, Q; Yang, H; Min, J; Willcox, DC; Willcox, BJ; Gu, J; Hauser, E; Tian, X; Vaupel, JW
On the basis of the genotypic/phenotypic data from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) and Cox proportional hazard model, the present study demonstrates that interactions between carrying FOXO1A-209 genotypes and tea drinking are significantly associated with lower risk of mortality at advanced ages. Such a significant association is replicated in two independent Han Chinese CLHLS cohorts (p = 0.028-0.048 in the discovery and replication cohorts, and p = 0.003-0.016 in the combined dataset). We found the associations between tea drinking and reduced mortality are much stronger among carriers of the FOXO1A-209 genotype compared to non-carriers, and drinking tea is associated with a reversal of the negative effects of carrying FOXO1A-209 minor alleles, that is, from a substantially increased mortality risk to substantially reduced mortality risk at advanced ages. The impacts are considerably stronger among those who carry two copies of the FOXO1A minor allele than those who carry one copy. On the basis of previously reported experiments on human cell models concerning FOXO1A-by-tea-compounds interactions, we speculate that results in the present study indicate that tea drinking may inhibit FOXO1A-209 gene expression and its biological functions, which reduces the negative impacts of FOXO1A-209 gene on longevity (as reported in the literature) and offers protection against mortality risk at oldest-old ages. Our empirical findings imply that the health outcomes of particular nutritional interventions, including tea drinking, may, in part, depend upon individual genetic profiles, and the research on the effects of nutrigenomics interactions could potentially be useful for rejuvenation therapies in the clinic or associated healthy aging intervention programs.
Open Access
Is there foul play in the leaf pocket? The metagenome of floating fern Azolla reveals endophytes that do not fix N2 but may denitrify.
(The New phytologist, 2018-01) Dijkhuizen, LW; Brouwer, P; Bolhuis, H; Reichart, G; Koppers, N; Huettel, B; Bolger, AM; Li, F; Cheng, S; Liu, X
Dinitrogen fixation by Nostoc azollae residing in specialized leaf pockets supports prolific growth of the floating fern Azolla filiculoides. To evaluate contributions by further microorganisms, the A. filiculoides microbiome and nitrogen metabolism in bacteria persistently associated with Azolla ferns were characterized. A metagenomic approach was taken complemented by detection of N2 O released and nitrogen isotope determinations of fern biomass. Ribosomal RNA genes in sequenced DNA of natural ferns, their enriched leaf pockets and water filtrate from the surrounding ditch established that bacteria of A. filiculoides differed entirely from surrounding water and revealed species of the order Rhizobiales. Analyses of seven cultivated Azolla species confirmed persistent association with Rhizobiales. Two distinct nearly full-length Rhizobiales genomes were identified in leaf-pocket-enriched samples from ditch grown A. filiculoides. Their annotation revealed genes for denitrification but not N2 -fixation. 15 N2 incorporation was active in ferns with N. azollae but not in ferns without. N2 O was not detectably released from surface-sterilized ferns with the Rhizobiales. N2 -fixing N. azollae, we conclude, dominated the microbiome of Azolla ferns. The persistent but less abundant heterotrophic Rhizobiales bacteria possibly contributed to lowering O2 levels in leaf pockets but did not release detectable amounts of the strong greenhouse gas N2 O.
Open Access
LEGEND-1000 Preconceptual Design Report
Collaboration, LEGEND; Abgrall, N; Abt, I; Agostini, M; Alexander, A; Andreoiu, C; Araujo, GR; III, FT Avignone; Bae, W; Bakalyarov, A; Balata, M; Bantel, M; Barabanov, I; Barabash, AS; Barbeau, PS; Barton, CJ; Barton, PJ; Baudis, L; Bauer, C; Bernieri, E; Bezrukov, L; Bhimani, KH; Biancacci, V; Blalock, E; Bolozdynya, A; Borden, S; Bos, B; Bossio, E; Boston, A; Bothe, V; Bouabid, R; Boyd, S; Brugnera, R; Burlac, N; Busch, M; Caldwell, A; Caldwell, TS; Carney, R; Cattadori, C; Chan, Y-D; Chernogorov, A; Christofferson, CD; Chu, P-H; Clark, M; Cohen, T; Combs, D; Comellato, T; Cooper, RJ; Costa, IA; D'Andrea, V; Detwiler, JA; Giacinto, A Di; Marco, N Di; Dobson, J; Drobizhev, A; Durand, MR; Edzards, F; Efremenko, Yu; Elliott, SR; Engelhardt, A; Fajt, L; Faud, N; Febbraro, MT; Ferella, F; Fields, DE; Fischer, F; Fomina, M; Fox, H; Franchi, J; Gala, R; Galindo-Uribarri, A; Gangapshev, A; Garfagnini, A; Geraci, A; Gilbert, C; Gold, M; Gooch, C; Gradwohl, KP; Green, MP; Grinyer, GF; Grobov, A; Gruszko, J; Guinn, I; Guiseppe, VE; Gurentsov, V; Gurov, Y; Gusev, K; Hacket, B; Hagemann, F; Hakenmüeller, J; Haranczyk, M; Hauertmann, L; Haufe, CR; Hayward, C; Heffron, B; Henkes, F; Henning, R; Aguilar, D Hervas; Hinton, J; Hodak, R; Hoffmann, H; Hofmann, W; Hostiuc, A; Huang, J; Hult, M; Mirza, M Ibrahim; Jochum, J; Jones, R; Judson, D; Junker, M; Kaizer, J; Kazalov, V; Kermaïdic, Y; Khushbakht, H; Kidd, M; Kihm, T; Kilgus, K; Kim, I; Klimenko, A; Knöpfle, KT; Kochetov, O; Konovalov, SI; Kontul, I; Kool, K; Kormos, LL; Kornoukhov, VN; Korosec, M; Krause, P; Kuzminov, VV; López-Castaño, JM; Lang, K; Laubenstein, M; León, E; Lehnert, B; Leonhardt, A; Li, A; Lindner, M; Lippi, I; Liu, X; Liu, J; Loomba, D; Lubashevskiy, A; Lubsandorzhiev, B; Lusardi, N; Müller, Y; Macko, M; Macolino, C; Majorovits, B; Mamedov, F; Maneschg, W; Manzanillas, L; Marshall, G; Martin, RD; Martin, EL; Massarczyk, R; Mei, D; Meijer, SJ; Mertens, S; Misiaszek, M; Mondragon, E; Morella, M; Morgan, B; Mroz, T; Muenstermann, D; Nave, CJ; Nemchenok, I; Neuberger, M; Oli, TK; Gann, G Orebi; Othman, G; Palušova, V; Panth, R; Papp, L; Paudel, LS; Pelczar, K; Perez, J Perez; Pertoldi, L; Pettus, W; Piseri, P; Poon, AWP; Povinec, P; Pullia, A; Radford, DC; Ramachers, YA; Ransom, C; Rauscher, L; Redchuk, M; Reine, AL; Riboldi, S; Rielage, K; Rozov, S; Rukhadze, E; Rumyantseva, N; Runge, J; Ruof, NW; Saakyan, R; Sailer, S; Salamanna, G; Salamida, F; Salvat, DJ; Sandukovsky, V; Schönert, S; Schültz, A; Schütt, M; Schaper, DC; Schreiner, J; Schulz, O; Schuster, M; Schwarz, M; Schwingenheuer, B; Selivanenko, O; Shafiee, M; Shevchik, E; Shirchenko, M; Shitov, Y; Simgen, H; Simkovic, F; Skorokhvatov, M; Slavickova, M; Smolek, K; Smolnikov, A; Solomon, JA; Song, G; Starosta, K; Stekl, I; Stommel, M; Stukov, D; Sumathi, RR; Sweigart, DA; Szczepaniec, K; Taffarello, L; Tagnani, D; Tayloe, R; Tedeschi, D; Turqueti, M; Varner, RL; Vasilyev, S; Veresnikova, A; Vetter, K; Vignoli, C; Vogl, C; Sturm, K von; Waters, D; Waters, JC; Wei, W; Wiesinger, C; Wilkerson, JF; Willers, M; Wiseman, C; Wojcik, M; Wu, VH-S; Xu, W; Yakushev, E; Ye, T; Yu, C-H; Yumatov, V; Zaretski, N; Zeman, J; Zhitnikov, I; Zinatulina, D; Zschocke, A-K; Zsigmond, AJ; Zuber, K; Zuzel, G
We propose the construction of LEGEND-1000, the ton-scale Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless $\beta \beta$ Decay. This international experiment is designed to answer one of the highest priority questions in fundamental physics. It consists of 1000 kg of Ge detectors enriched to more than 90% in the $^{76}$Ge isotope operated in a liquid argon active shield at a deep underground laboratory. By combining the lowest background levels with the best energy resolution in the field, LEGEND-1000 will perform a quasi-background-free search and can make an unambiguous discovery of neutrinoless double-beta decay with just a handful of counts at the decay $Q$ value. The experiment is designed to probe this decay with a 99.7%-CL discovery sensitivity in the $^{76}$Ge half-life of $1.3\times10^{28}$ years, corresponding to an effective Majorana mass upper limit in the range of 9-21 meV, to cover the inverted-ordering neutrino mass scale with 10 yr of live time.
Open Access
Soul and machine (learning)
(Marketing Letters, 2020-12-01) Proserpio, D; Hauser, JR; Liu, X; Amano, T; Burnap, A; Guo, T; Lee, D; Lewis, R; Misra, K; Schwarz, E; Timoshenko, A; Xu, L; Yoganarasimhan, H
Machine learning is bringing us self-driving cars, medical diagnoses, and language translation, but how can machine learning help marketers improve marketing decisions? Machine learning models predict extremely well, are scalable to “big data,” and are a natural fit to analyze rich media content, such as text, images, audio, and video. Examples of current marketing applications include identification of customer needs from online data, accurate prediction of consumer response to advertising, personalized pricing, and product recommendations. But without the human input and insight—the soul—the applications of machine learning are limited. To create competitive or cooperative strategies, to generate creative product designs, to be accurate for “what-if” and “but-for” applications, to devise dynamic policies, to advance knowledge, to protect consumer privacy, and avoid algorithm bias, machine learning needs a soul. The brightest future is based on the synergy of what the machine can do well and what humans do well. We provide examples and predictions for the future.
Open Access
Surface and Friction Behavior of a Silicone Surfactant Adsorbed on Model Textiles Substrates
(2010) Liu, X; Song, J; Wu, D; Genzer, J; Theyson, T; Rojas, OJ
This study reports on interactions of an amphiphilic block copolymer of polyalkylene oxide-modified poly(dimethylsiloxane) with thin films of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and nylon, as well as with reference hydrophilic silica surfaces. The dynamics of adsorption, adsorbed mass, and viscoelasticity of the adsorbed layer are quantified by using a quartz crystal microbalance, while boundary layer lubrication behaviors are studied by using lateral force microscopy. Driven by hydrophobic interactions, the silicone surfactant adsorbs following a Langmuir isotherm and forms strongly adsorbed layers on the polymer surfaces with an areal mass directly related to the hydrophobicity of the substrate. The self-assembled silicone surfactant molecules improve significantly wettability and lower friction. The results reported herein will broaden our understanding of lubrication phenomena in textile and fiber processing applications.
Open Access
Vegetation and microbes interact to preserve carbon in many wooded peatlands
(Communications Earth & Environment, 2021-12) Wang, H; Tian, J; Chen, H; Ho, M; Vilgalys, R; Bu, ZJ; Liu, X; Richardson, CJ
AbstractPeatlands have persisted as massive carbon sinks over millennia, even during past periods of climate change. The commonly accepted theory of abiotic controls (mainly anoxia and low temperature) over carbon decomposition cannot fully explain how vast low-latitude shrub/tree dominated (wooded) peatlands consistently accrete peat under warm and seasonally unsaturated conditions. Here we show, by comparing the composition and ecological traits of microbes between Sphagnum- and shrub-dominated peatlands, that slow-growing microbes decisively dominate the studied shrub-dominated peatlands, concomitant with plant-induced increases in highly recalcitrant carbon and phenolics. The slow-growing microbes metabolize organic matter thirty times slower than the fast-growing microbes that dominate our Sphagnum-dominated site. We suggest that the high-phenolic shrub/tree induced shifts in microbial composition may compensate for positive effects of temperature and/or drought on metabolism over time in peatlands. This biotic self-sustaining process that modulates abiotic controls on carbon cycling may improve projections of long-term, climate-carbon feedbacks in peatlands.