Browsing by Author "Liu, Yan"
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Item Open Access Acquisition of Chinese characters: the effects of character properties and individual differences among second language learners.(Frontiers in psychology, 2015-01) Kuo, Li-Jen; Kim, Tae-Jin; Yang, Xinyuan; Li, Huiwen; Liu, Yan; Wang, Haixia; Hyun Park, Jeong; Li, YingIn light of the dramatic growth of Chinese learners worldwide and a need for cross-linguistic research on Chinese literacy development, this study drew upon theories of visual complexity effect (Su and Samuels, 2010) and dual-coding processing (Sadoski and Paivio, 2013) and investigated (a) the effects of character properties (i.e., visual complexity and radical presence) on character acquisition and (b) the relationship between individual learner differences in radical awareness and character acquisition. Participants included adolescent English-speaking beginning learners of Chinese in the U.S. Following Kuo et al. (2014), a novel character acquisition task was used to investigate the process of acquiring the meaning of new characters. Results showed that (a) characters with radicals and with less visual complexity were easier to acquire than characters without radicals and with greater visual complexity; and (b) individual differences in radical awareness were associated with the acquisition of all types of characters, but the association was more pronounced with the acquisition of characters with radicals. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings were discussed.Item Open Access Essays on Financial Economics(2014) Liu, YanIn this thesis, I develop two sets of methods to help understand two distinct but also
related issues in financial economics.
First, representative agent models have been successfully applied to explain asset
market phenomenons. They are often simple to work with and appeal to intuition by
permitting a direct link between the agent's optimization behavior and asset market
dynamics. However, their particular modeling choices sometimes yield undesirable
or even counterintuitive consequences. Several diagnostic tools have been developed by the asset pricing literature to detect these unwanted consequences. I contribute to this literature by developing a new continuum of nonparametric asset pricing bounds to diagnose representative agent models. Chapter 1 lays down the theoretical framework and discusses its relevance to existing approaches. Empirically, it uses bounds implied by index option returns to study a well-known class of representative agent models|the rare disaster models. Chapter 2 builds on the insights of Chapter 1 to study dynamic models. It uses model implied conditional variables to sharpen asset pricing bounds, allowing a more powerful diagnosis of dynamic models.
While the first two chapters focus on the diagnosis of a particular model, Chapter
3 and 4 study the joint inference of a group of models or risk factors. Drawing on
multiple hypothesis testing in the statistics literature, Chapter 3 shows that many of
the risk factors documented by the academic literature are likely to be false. It also
proposes a new statistical framework to study multiple hypothesis testing under test
correlation and hidden tests. Chapter 4 further studies the statistical properties of
this framework through simulations.
Item Open Access Imaging biomarker roadmap for cancer studies.(Nature reviews. Clinical oncology, 2017-03) O'Connor, James PB; Aboagye, Eric O; Adams, Judith E; Aerts, Hugo JWL; Barrington, Sally F; Beer, Ambros J; Boellaard, Ronald; Bohndiek, Sarah E; Brady, Michael; Brown, Gina; Buckley, David L; Chenevert, Thomas L; Clarke, Laurence P; Collette, Sandra; Cook, Gary J; deSouza, Nandita M; Dickson, John C; Dive, Caroline; Evelhoch, Jeffrey L; Faivre-Finn, Corinne; Gallagher, Ferdia A; Gilbert, Fiona J; Gillies, Robert J; Goh, Vicky; Griffiths, John R; Groves, Ashley M; Halligan, Steve; Harris, Adrian L; Hawkes, David J; Hoekstra, Otto S; Huang, Erich P; Hutton, Brian F; Jackson, Edward F; Jayson, Gordon C; Jones, Andrew; Koh, Dow-Mu; Lacombe, Denis; Lambin, Philippe; Lassau, Nathalie; Leach, Martin O; Lee, Ting-Yim; Leen, Edward L; Lewis, Jason S; Liu, Yan; Lythgoe, Mark F; Manoharan, Prakash; Maxwell, Ross J; Miles, Kenneth A; Morgan, Bruno; Morris, Steve; Ng, Tony; Padhani, Anwar R; Parker, Geoff JM; Partridge, Mike; Pathak, Arvind P; Peet, Andrew C; Punwani, Shonit; Reynolds, Andrew R; Robinson, Simon P; Shankar, Lalitha K; Sharma, Ricky A; Soloviev, Dmitry; Stroobants, Sigrid; Sullivan, Daniel C; Taylor, Stuart A; Tofts, Paul S; Tozer, Gillian M; van Herk, Marcel; Walker-Samuel, Simon; Wason, James; Williams, Kaye J; Workman, Paul; Yankeelov, Thomas E; Brindle, Kevin M; McShane, Lisa M; Jackson, Alan; Waterton, John CImaging biomarkers (IBs) are integral to the routine management of patients with cancer. IBs used daily in oncology include clinical TNM stage, objective response and left ventricular ejection fraction. Other CT, MRI, PET and ultrasonography biomarkers are used extensively in cancer research and drug development. New IBs need to be established either as useful tools for testing research hypotheses in clinical trials and research studies, or as clinical decision-making tools for use in healthcare, by crossing 'translational gaps' through validation and qualification. Important differences exist between IBs and biospecimen-derived biomarkers and, therefore, the development of IBs requires a tailored 'roadmap'. Recognizing this need, Cancer Research UK (CRUK) and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) assembled experts to review, debate and summarize the challenges of IB validation and qualification. This consensus group has produced 14 key recommendations for accelerating the clinical translation of IBs, which highlight the role of parallel (rather than sequential) tracks of technical (assay) validation, biological/clinical validation and assessment of cost-effectiveness; the need for IB standardization and accreditation systems; the need to continually revisit IB precision; an alternative framework for biological/clinical validation of IBs; and the essential requirements for multicentre studies to qualify IBs for clinical use.Item Open Access Sustainability across the Curriculum: A Multilingual and Intercultural Approach(2021-11-30) Reisinger, Deborah; Valnes Quammen, Sandra; Liu, Yan; Virguez, EdgarItem Open Access 针对华裔学生的美国大学中文教材(Chinese as a Second Language (漢語教學研究—美國中文教師學會學報). The journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association, USA) Liu, Yan; Ji, Jingjing; Wu, Grace; Liang, Min-Min摘要 近些年来,美国大学中文课中传承语学习者的数量不断增加 (Xiang, 2016)。然而,现有的传承语教材数量比较少,且目前美国大学中文项目所使用的华裔中文教材也存在一定的局限性 (Luo et al., 2019)。因此,编写新的大学中文传承语教材势在必行。本文首先回顾了相关传承语教学以及中文传承语学习者的研究,然后对现有的中文传承语教材进行评估,识别其局限之处。最后,基于以上分析以及与传承语教学法和教材编写原则相关的研究,为未来中文传承语教材所应遵循的编写原则、课文话题和角度、面向群体、教学内容和活动所应遵循的标准和体例等方面提出一些建议。