Browsing by Author "Ma, Chenxinan"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Prediction models for depression risk among older adults: systematic review and critical appraisal.
    (Ageing research reviews, 2022-11) Tan, Jie; Ma, Chenxinan; Zhu, Chonglin; Wang, Yin; Zou, Xiaoshuang; Li, Han; Li, Jiarun; He, Yanxuan; Wu, Chenkai

    Objective

    To provide an overview of prediction models for the risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) among older adults.

    Methods

    We conducted a systematic review combined with a meta-analysis and critical appraisal of published studies on existing geriatric depression risk models.

    Results

    The systematic search screened 23,378 titles and abstracts; 14 studies including 20 prediction models were included. A total of 16 predictors were selected in the final model at least twice. Age, physical health, and cognitive function were the most common predictors. Only one model was externally validated, two models were presented with a complete equation, and five models examined the calibration. We found substantial heterogeneity in predictor and outcome definitions across models; important methodological information was often missing. All models were rated at high or unclear risk of bias, primarily due to methodological limitations. The pooled C-statistics of 12 prediction models was 0.83 (95%CI=0.77-0.89).

    Conclusion

    The usefulness of all models remains unclear due to several methodological limitations. Future studies should focus on methodological quality and external validation of depression risk prediction models.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    ItemEmbargo
    The Relationship between Obesity, Elevated Depressive Symptoms, and Physical Functioning among United Methodist Clergy: A Longitudinal Study
    (2023) Ma, Chenxinan

    Background: Employees in occupations with high job-related distress are at a higher risk of depression and obesity, both of which relate to worse physical functioning. Poor physical functioning can, in turn, lead to several adverse health outcomes. There is a high co-occurrence of obesity and depression and we, hence, sought to assess the independent and joint effects of obesity and elevated depressive symptoms on physical functioning among United Methodist Church clergy in North Carolina, the United States. Methods: We analyzed data from 1,422 clergy who participated in the Clergy Health Initiative Longitudinal Survey in both 2014 and 2016. Elevated depressive symptoms were assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and obesity was defined based on participants’ Body Mass Index. The physical functioning score was measured using the Physical Component Summary of Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form Survey. We described the participants’ characteristics in 2014 and analyzed the data from the 2014 and 2016 waves to assess the association between obesity, elevated depressive symptoms, and physical functioning by using Ordinary Least Squares regression. The joint effect was assessed by including the interaction term between elevated depressive symptoms and obesity in the regression model. We further adjusted covariates including age, gender, race, educational attainment, marital status, physical exercise, financial distress, and work hours per week in the regression model to control for confounding factors. Results: The study population was largely composed of male (69.90%) and white (91.84%) individuals. Additionally, the vast majority of participants (82.56%) held a master's degree or higher level of education. The prevalence of obesity and elevated depressive symptoms was 39.52% and 7.17%, respectively, among United Methodist Church clergy in North Carolina in 2014. Obesity and elevated depressive symptoms were both independently related to poor physical functioning. The co-occurrence of obesity and elevated depressive symptoms in 2014 had a larger negative effect (β = -4.34; 95% Confidence Interval: -7.87, -0.81) on physical functioning in 2016 than the sum of the individual effects of obesity (β = -4.02; 95% Confidence Interval: -4.93, -3.11) and elevated depressive symptoms (β = -3.25; 95% Confidence Interval: -4.63, -1.17) on physical functioning. Conclusions: The results suggest that there is a joint effect of obesity and elevated depressive symptoms on worse physical functioning among United Methodist Church clergy in North Carolina. More attention should be paid to the diagnosis and treatment of depression and obesity in this population to prevent the negative health sequelae of worse physical functioning.