Browsing by Author "Richman, LS"

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    A Multilevel Analysis of Stigma and Health
    (Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2014-10) Richman, LS; Hatzenbuehler, ML
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    An identity-based motivational model of the effects of perceived discrimination on health-related behaviors
    (Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 2016) Richman, LS; Blodorn, A; Major, B
    Perceived discrimination is associated with increased engagement in unhealthy behaviors. We propose an identity-based pathway to explain this link. Drawing on an identity-based motivation model of health behaviors (Oyserman, Fryberg, & Yoder, 2007), we propose that erceptions of discrimination lead individuals to engage in ingroup-prototypical behaviors in the service of validating their identity and creating a sense of ingroup belonging. To the extent that people perceive unhealthy behaviors as ingroup-prototypical, perceived discrimination may thus increase motivation to engage in unhealthy behaviors. We describe our theoretical model and two studies that demonstrate initial support for some paths in this model. In Study 1, African American participants who reflected on racial discrimination were more likely to endorse unhealthy ingroup-prototypical behavior as self-characteristic than those who reflected on a neutral event. In Study 2, among African American participants who perceived unhealthy behaviors to be ingroup-prototypical, discrimination predicted greater endorsement of unhealthy behaviors as self-characteristic as compared to a control condition. These effects held both with and without controlling for body mass index (BMI) and income. Broader implications of this model for how discrimination adversely affects health-related decisions are discussed.
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    Effect of discrimination on food decisions
    (Self and Identity, 2011-07-01) Pascoe, EA; Richman, LS
    This research examined effects of discrimination on food decisions. In Study 1, reflecting upon past experiences of discrimination, as compared to a neutral topic, caused an increased desire to consume unhealthy foods. In Study 2, participants received a negative evaluation from a biased or fair grader. Past experiences with discrimination moderated how people responded to the feedback. Those participants who had infrequent past experiences with discrimination were most likely to endorse unhealthy food options after receiving the biased evaluation. Those who scored high on past discrimination were unaffected by experimental condition and endorsed similar numbers of healthy and unhealthy food options after receiving the evaluative feedback. When offered an actual snack, those who accepted one were more likely to choose an unhealthy option following discrimination, regardless of past discrimination level. These results suggest that discrimination may be affecting self-regulatory capacity in regard to food choices. © 2010 Psychology Press.
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    How women cope: Being a numerical minority in a male-dominated profession
    (Journal of Social Issues, 2011-09-01) Richman, LS; vanDellen, M; Wood, W
    Women who have academic careers in engineering have successfully navigated the social identity threats that prevent many other women from feeling that they belong in science, technology, engineering, and math fields. In this research, we examined what factors may be related to resilience in these academic environments. Female academics in engineering and nonengineering fields watched a fictitious conference video depicting either an unbalanced ratio of men to women or a balanced ratio. Subjective measures of identity threat were collected. Past experience with discrimination, positive experience with female role models, family support, and general social support were associated with a greater sense of belonging to or desire to participate in the conference. These variables all buffered negative responding to social identity threat. Implications are discussed for understanding resilience to social identity threat, particularly among women in engineering. © 2011 The Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues.
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    Interactive Effects of Discrimination and Racial Identity on Alcohol-Related Thoughts and Use
    (Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 2013-07-01) Richman, LS; Boynton, MH; Costanzo, P; Banas, K
    The interrelationships among racial discrimination, non race-based rejection, racial identity (RI), and alcohol cognitions and use were assessed in this research. In Study 1, individuals who experienced overt discrimination and who were high in RI were less likely than those low in RI to meet criteria for alcohol abuse disorder. In Study 2, discrimination and rejection were causally related to a faster reaction time in a lexical decision task to alcohol-related concepts as compared to neutral words, especially for those low in RI. Implications of discrimination and rejection on substance use and other risky health behaviors are discussed. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
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    Stigma-Based Rejection and the Detection of Signs of Acceptance
    (Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2016-01-01) Richman, LS; Martin, J; Guadagno, J
    © 2015, The Author(s) 2015.After people experience social rejection, one tactic to restore a sense of belonging is to selectively attend to and readily perceive cues that connote acceptance. The multimotive model of responses to rejection suggests that contextual features of the rejection are important determinants of how people are motivated to respond. According to this model, when rejection is construed as pervasive and chronic, people will be less likely to adopt strategies that promote belonging. Across two studies, we found that chronic rejection—in the context of stigmatization—predicted a slower response time to smiling faces and less recognition of affiliation-related words as compared to a nonstigmatized control group. These results suggest that, unlike more transitory forms of rejection, stigmatization leads to slower detection of signs of acceptance. These responses may hinder belonging repair and thus have important negative implications for health and well-being.
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    TIRED OF PREJUDICE: THE SELF-REGULATORY EFFECT OF DISCRIMINATION ON HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIORS
    (ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, 2010-04) Pascoe, E; Richman, LS