Browsing by Author "Sims, Mario"

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    Depressive Symptoms and Incident Heart Failure in the Jackson Heart Study: Differential Risk Among Black Men and Women.
    (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2022-03) Gaffey, Allison E; Cavanagh, Casey E; Rosman, Lindsey; Wang, Kaicheng; Deng, Yanhong; Sims, Mario; O'Brien, Emily C; Chamberlain, Alanna M; Mentz, Robert J; Glover, LáShauntá M; Glover, LáShauntá M; Burg, Matthew M
    Background Associations between depression, incident heart failure (HF), and mortality are well documented in predominately White samples. Yet, there are sparse data from racial minorities, including those who are women, and depression is underrecognized and undertreated in the Black population. Thus, we examined associations between baseline depressive symptoms, incident HF, and all-cause mortality across 10 years. Methods and Results We included Jackson Heart Study (JHS) participants with no history of HF at baseline (n=2651; 63.9% women; median age, 53 years). Cox proportional hazards models tested if the risk of incident HF or mortality differed by clinically significant depressive symptoms at baseline (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scores ≥16 versus <16). Models were conducted in the full sample and by sex, with hierarchical adjustment for demographics, HF risk factors, and lifestyle factors. Overall, 538 adults (20.3%) reported high depressive symptoms (71.0% were women), and there were 181 cases of HF (cumulative incidence, 0.06%). In the unadjusted model, individuals with high depressive symptoms had a 43% greater risk of HF (P=0.035). The association remained with demographic and HF risk factors but was attenuated by lifestyle factors. All-cause mortality was similar regardless of depressive symptoms. By sex, the unadjusted association between depressive symptoms and HF remained for women only (P=0.039). The fully adjusted model showed a 53% greater risk of HF for women with high depressive symptoms (P=0.043). Conclusions Among Black adults, there were sex-specific associations between depressive symptoms and incident HF, with greater risk among women. Sex-specific management of depression may be needed to improve cardiovascular outcomes.
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    Evaluating the precision of EBF1 SNP x stress interaction association: sex, race, and age differences in a big harmonized data set of 28,026 participants.
    (Translational psychiatry, 2020-10-20) Singh, Abanish; Babyak, Michael A; Sims, Mario; Musani, Solomon K; Brummett, Beverly H; Jiang, Rong; Kraus, William E; Shah, Svati H; Siegler, Ilene C; Hauser, Elizabeth R; Williams, Redford B
    In prior work, we identified a novel gene-by-stress association of EBF1's common variation (SNP rs4704963) with obesity (i.e., hip, waist) in Whites, which was further strengthened through multiple replications using our synthetic stress measure. We now extend this prior work in a precision medicine framework to find the risk group using harmonized data from 28,026 participants by evaluating the following: (a) EBF1 SNPxSTRESS interaction in Blacks; (b) 3-way interaction of EBF1 SNPxSTRESS with sex, race, and age; and (c) a race and sex-specific path linking EBF1 and stress to obesity to fasting glucose to the development of cardiometabolic disease risk. Our findings provided additional confirmation that genetic variation in EBF1 may contribute to stress-induced human obesity, including in Blacks (P = 0.022) that mainly resulted from race-specific stress due to "racism/discrimination" (P = 0.036) and "not meeting basic needs" (P = 0.053). The EBF1 gene-by-stress interaction differed significantly (P = 1.01e-03) depending on the sex of participants in Whites. Race and age also showed tentative associations (Ps = 0.103, 0.093, respectively) with this interaction. There was a significant and substantially larger path linking EBF1 and stress to obesity to fasting glucose to type 2 diabetes for the EBF1 minor allele group (coefficient = 0.28, P = 0.009, 95% CI = 0.07-0.49) compared with the same path for the EBF1 major allele homozygotes in White females and also a similar pattern of the path in Black females. Underscoring the race-specific key life-stress indicators (e.g., racism/discrimination) and also the utility of our synthetic stress, we identified the potential risk group of EBF1 and stress-induced human obesity and cardiometabolic disease.
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    Evaluation of Allostatic Load as a Mediator of Sleep and Kidney Outcomes in Black Americans.
    (Kidney international reports, 2019-03) Lunyera, Joseph; Davenport, Clemontina A; Jackson, Chandra L; Johnson, Dayna A; Bhavsar, Nrupen A; Sims, Mario; Scialla, Julia J; Stanifer, John W; Pendergast, Jane; McMullan, Ciaran J; Ricardo, Ana C; Boulware, L Ebony; Diamantidis, Clarissa J
    Introduction:Poor sleep associates with adverse chronic kidney disease (CKD) outcomes yet the biological mechanisms underlying this relation remain unclear. One proposed mechanism is via allostatic load, a cumulative biologic measure of stress. Methods:Using data from 5177 Jackson Heart Study participants with sleep measures available, we examined the association of self-reported sleep duration: very short, short, recommended, and long (≤5, 6, 7-8, or ≥9 hours per 24 hours, respectively) and sleep quality (high, moderate, low) with prevalent baseline CKD, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and incident CKD at follow-up. CKD was defined as eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 or urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g. Models were adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, and kidney function. We further evaluated allostatic load (quantified at baseline using 11 biomarkers from neuroendocrine, metabolic, autonomic, and immune domains) as a mediator of these relations using a process analysis approach. Results:Participants with very short sleep duration (vs. 7-8 hours) had greater odds of prevalent CKD (odds ratio [OR] 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-1.66). Very short, short, or long sleep duration (vs. 7-8 hours) was not associated with kidney outcomes over a median follow-up of 8 years. Low sleep quality (vs. high) associated with greater odds of prevalent CKD (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.00-1.60) and 0.18 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (95% CI 0.00-0.36) faster eGFR decline per year. Allostatic load did not mediate the associations of sleep duration or sleep quality with kidney outcomes. Conclusions:Very short sleep duration and low sleep quality were associated with adverse kidney outcomes in this all-black cohort, but allostatic load did not appear to mediate these associations.
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    Goal-Striving Stress and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Blacks: The Jackson Heart Study.
    (Journal of the American Heart Association, 2020-05) Glover, LáShauntá M; Cain-Shields, Loretta R; Spruill, Tanya M; O'Brien, Emily C; Barber, Sharrelle; Loehr, Laura; Sims, Mario
    Background Goal-striving stress (GSS), the stress from striving for goals, is associated with poor health. Less is known about its association with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods and Results We used data from the JHS (Jackson Heart Study), a study of CVD among blacks (21-95 years old) from 2000 to 2015. Participants free of CVD at baseline (2000-2004) were included in this analysis (n=4648). GSS was examined in categories (low, moderate, high) and in SD units. Incident CVD was defined as fatal or nonfatal stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), and/or heart failure. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident CVD by levels of GSS, adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic status, health behaviors, risk factors, and perceived stress. The distribution of GSS categories was as follows: 40.77% low, 33.97% moderate, and 25.26% high. Over an average of 12 years, there were 140 incident stroke events, 164 CHD events, and 194 heart failure events. After full adjustment, high (versus low) GSS was associated with a lower risk of stroke (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.17-0.83) and a higher risk of CHD (HR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.10-3.33) among women. A 1-standard deviation unit increase in GSS was associated with a 31% increased risk of CHD (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.10-1.56) among women. Conclusions Higher GSS may be a risk factor for developing CHD among women; however, it appears to be protective of stroke among women. These analyses should be replicated in other samples of black individuals.
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    Low use of routine medical care among African Americans with high CKD risk: the Jackson Heart Study.
    (BMC nephrology, 2019-01-10) Diamantidis, Clarissa J; Davenport, Clemontina A; Lunyera, Joseph; Bhavsar, Nrupen; Scialla, Julia; Hall, Rasheeda; Tyson, Crystal; Sims, Mario; Strigo, Tara; Powe, Neil R; Boulware, L Ebony
    BACKGROUND:Use of routine medical care (RMC) is advocated to address ethnic/racial disparities in chronic kidney disease (CKD) risks, but use is less frequent among African Americans. Factors associated with low RMC use among African Americans at risk of renal outcomes have not been well studied. METHODS:We examined sociodemographic, comorbidity, healthcare access, and psychosocial (discrimination, anger, stress, trust) factors associated with low RMC use in a cross-sectional study. Low RMC use was defined as lack of a physical exam within one year among participants with CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 or urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio > 30 mg/g) or CKD risk factors (diabetes or hypertension). We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the odds of low RMC use at baseline (2000-2004) for several risk factors. RESULTS:Among 3191 participants with CKD, diabetes, or hypertension, 2024 (63.4%) were ≥ 55 years of age, and 700 (21.9%) reported low RMC use. After multivariable adjustment, age < 55 years (OR 1.61 95% CI 1.31-1.98), male sex (OR 1.71; 1.41-2.07),
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    Modifiers of Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes in Black Americans: The Jackson Heart Study Supplemental File
    Lunyera, J; Davenport, Clemontina; Bhavsar, Nrupen; Sims, Mario; Pendergast, Jane; Musani, Solomon; Mwasongwe, Stanford; Wolf, Myles; Diamantidis, Clarissa; Boulware, Ebony; Scialla, Julia