Browsing by Author "Southwell, Brian G"

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    Función de los profesionales de la salud de rectificar la información errónea que tienen los pacientes más allá de corregir los hechos.
    (Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health, 2021-01) Southwell, Brian G; Wood, Jamie L; Navar, Ann Marie
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    Health Misinformation Exposure and Health Disparities: Observations and Opportunities.
    (Annual review of public health, 2023-04) Southwell, Brian G; Otero Machuca, Jessica; Cherry, Sabrina T; Burnside, Melissa; Barrett, Nadine J
    The concepts of health misinformation and health disparities have been prominent in public health literature in recent years, in part because of the threat that each notion poses to public health. How exactly are misinformation proliferation and health disparities related, however? What roles might misinformation play in explaining the health disparities that we have documented in the United States and elsewhere? How might we mitigate the effects of misinformation exposure among people facing relatively poor health outcomes? In this review, we address such questions by first defining health disparities and misinformation as concepts and then considering how misinformation exposure might theoretically affect health decision-making and account for disparate health behavior and health outcomes. We alsoassess the potential for misinformation-focused interventions to address health disparities based on available literature and call for future research to address gaps in our current evidence base.
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    How Misinformation Research Can Mask Relationship Gaps that Undermine Public Health Response.
    (American journal of health promotion : AJHP, 2022-03) Calac, Alec J; Southwell, Brian G
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    News coverage about aspirin as a countervailing force against low-dose aspirin campaign promotion.
    (Translational behavioral medicine, 2021-10) Southwell, Brian G; Duval, Sue; Luepker, Russell V; Oldenburg, Niki; Van't Hof, Jeremy; Eder, Milton; Russell, Carol; Graves, Robert N; Finnegan, John
    Organized health promotion efforts sometimes compete with news media, social media, and other sources when providing recommendations for healthy behavior. In recent years, patients have faced a complicated information environment regarding aspirin use as a prevention tool for heart health. We explored the possibility that campaign promotion of low-dose aspirin use might have been undermined by news coverage in the USA detailing controversies regarding aspirin use. Using time series data on low-dose aspirin sales in Minnesota, USA, we assessed whether news coverage of aspirin or audience engagement with the Ask About Aspirin campaign website predicted subsequent changes in low-dose aspirin sales, over and above any secular trend. News coverage predicted actual low-dose aspirin purchases whereas exposure to a state-level campaign did not. While a campaign effort to encourage people at risk to discuss low-dose aspirin use with their health care providers did not generate substantive changes in low-dose aspirin tablet sales in the areas of Minnesota monitored for this study, past news coverage about aspirin use, including news about negative side effects, may have suppressed low-dose aspirin sales during this same period. The extent of news coverage about aspirin and heart health had a negative effect on tablet sales recorded in greater Minnesota approximately a month later in an ARIMA time series model, coefficient = -.014, t = -2.33, p = .02. Presented evidence of news coverage effect suggests health campaign assessment should consider trends in the public information environment as potential countervailing forces.
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    Perceived support from a caregiver's social ties predicts subsequent care-recipient health.
    (Prev Med Rep, 2017-12) Kelley, Dannielle E; Lewis, Megan A; Southwell, Brian G
    Most social support research has examined support from an individual patient perspective and does not model the broader social context of support felt by caregivers. Understanding how social support networks may complement healthcare services is critical, considering the aging population, as social support networks may be a valuable resource to offset some of the demands placed on the healthcare system. We sought to identify how caregivers' perceived organizational and interpersonal support from their social support network influences care-recipient health. We created a dyadic dataset of care-recipient and caregivers from the first two rounds of the National Health and Aging Trends survey (2011, 2012) and the first round of the associated National Study of Caregivers survey (2011). Using structural equation modeling, we explored how caregivers' perceived social support is associated with caregiver confidence to provide care, and is associated with care-recipient health outcomes at two time points. All data were analyzed in 2016. Social engagement with members from caregivers' social support networks was positively associated with caregiver confidence, and social engagement and confidence were positively associated with care-recipient health at time 1. Social engagement positively predicted patient health at time 2 controlling for time 1. Conversely, use of organizational support negatively predicted care-recipient health at time 2. Care-recipients experience better health outcomes when caregivers are able to be more engaged with members of their social support network.
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    Roles for Health Care Professionals in Addressing Patient-Held Misinformation Beyond Fact Correction.
    (American journal of public health, 2020-10) Southwell, Brian G; Wood, Jamie L; Navar, Ann Marie
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