Browsing by Author "Türeli, Sina"

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    Mapping SARS-CoV-2 antigenic relationships and serological responses.
    (Science (New York, N.Y.), 2023-10) Wilks, Samuel H; Mühlemann, Barbara; Shen, Xiaoying; Türeli, Sina; LeGresley, Eric B; Netzl, Antonia; Caniza, Miguela A; Chacaltana-Huarcaya, Jesus N; Corman, Victor M; Daniell, Xiaoju; Datto, Michael B; Dawood, Fatimah S; Denny, Thomas N; Drosten, Christian; Fouchier, Ron AM; Garcia, Patricia J; Halfmann, Peter J; Jassem, Agatha; Jeworowski, Lara M; Jones, Terry C; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro; Krammer, Florian; McDanal, Charlene; Pajon, Rolando; Simon, Viviana; Stockwell, Melissa S; Tang, Haili; van Bakel, Harm; Veguilla, Vic; Webby, Richard; Montefiori, David C; Smith, Derek J
    During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, multiple variants escaping preexisting immunity emerged, causing reinfections of previously exposed individuals. Here, we used antigenic cartography to analyze patterns of cross-reactivity among 21 variants and 15 groups of human sera obtained after primary infection with 10 different variants or after messenger RNA (mRNA)-1273 or mRNA-1273.351 vaccination. We found antigenic differences among pre-Omicron variants caused by substitutions at spike-protein positions 417, 452, 484, and 501. Quantifying changes in response breadth over time and with additional vaccine doses, our results show the largest increase between 4 weeks and >3 months after a second dose. We found changes in immunodominance of different spike regions, depending on the variant an individual was first exposed to, with implications for variant risk assessment and vaccine-strain selection.
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    Mapping SARS-CoV-2 antigenic relationships and serological responses.
    (bioRxiv, 2022-07-13) Wilks, Samuel H; Mühlemann, Barbara; Shen, Xiaoying; Türeli, Sina; LeGresley, Eric B; Netzl, Antonia; Caniza, Miguela A; Chacaltana-Huarcaya, Jesus N; Corman, Victor M; Daniell, Xiaoju; Datto, Michael B; Dawood, Fatimah S; Denny, Thomas N; Drosten, Christian; Fouchier, Ron AM; Garcia, Patricia J; Halfmann, Peter J; Jassem, Agatha; Jeworowski, Lara M; Jones, Terry C; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro; Krammer, Florian; McDanal, Charlene; Pajon, Rolando; Simon, Viviana; Stockwell, Melissa S; Tang, Haili; van Bakel, Harm; Veguilla, Vic; Webby, Richard; Montefiori, David C; Smith, Derek J
    During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, multiple variants with differing amounts of escape from pre-existing immunity have emerged, causing concerns about continued protection. Here, we use antigenic cartography to quantify and visualize the antigenic relationships among 16 SARS-CoV-2 variants titrated against serum samples taken post-vaccination and post-infection with seven different variants. We find major antigenic differences caused by substitutions at spike positions 417, 452, 484, and possibly 501. B.1.1.529 (Omicron BA.1) showed the highest escape from all sera tested. Visualization of serological responses as antibody landscapes shows how reactivity clusters in different regions of antigenic space. We find changes in immunodominance of different spike regions depending on the variant an individual was exposed to, with implications for variant risk assessment and vaccine strain selection. One sentence summary: Antigenic Cartography of SARS-CoV-2 variants reveals amino acid substitutions governing immune escape and immunodominance patterns.