Browsing by Author "Wu, H"

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    Antiviral inhibitory capacity of CD8+ T cells predicts the rate of CD4+ T-cell decline in HIV-1 infection.
    (J Infect Dis, 2012-08-15) Yang, H; Wu, H; Hancock, G; Clutton, G; Sande, N; Xu, X; Yan, H; Huang, X; Angus, B; Kuldanek, K; Fidler, S; Denny, TN; Birks, J; McMichael, A; Dorrell, L
    BACKGROUND: Rare human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals who maintain control of viremia without therapy show potent CD8+ T-cell-mediated suppression of viral replication in vitro. Whether this is a determinant of the rate of disease progression in viremic individuals is unknown. METHODS: We measured CD8+ T-cell-mediated inhibition of a heterologous HIV-1 isolate in 50 HIV-1-seropositive adults with diverse progression rates. Linear mixed models were used to determine whether CD8+ T-cell function could explain variation in the rate of CD4+ T-cell decline. RESULTS: There was a significant interaction between CD8+ T-cell antiviral activity in vitro and the rate of CD4+ T-cell decline in chronically infected individuals (P < .0001). In a second prospective analysis of recently infected subjects followed for up to 3 years, CD8+ T-cell antiviral activity strongly predicted subsequent CD4+ T-cell decline (P < .0001) and explained up to 73% of the interindividual variation in the CD4+ T-cell slope. In addition, it was inversely associated with viral load set point (r = -0.68 and P = .002). CONCLUSIONS: The antiviral inhibitory capacity of CD8+ T cells is highly predictive of CD4+ T-cell loss in early HIV-1 infection. It has potential as a benchmark of effective immunity in vaccine evaluation.
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    Carrier frequencies, holomorphy and unwinding
    (SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis, 2017-12-17) Wu, H; Steinerberger, S; Coifman, R
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    Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Cluster Abundances and Weak Lensing
    Abbott, TMC; Aguena, M; Alarcon, A; Allam, S; Allen, S; Annis, J; Avila, S; Bacon, D; Bechtol, K; Bermeo, A; Bernstein, GM; Bertin, E; Bhargava, S; Bocquet, S; Brooks, D; Brout, D; Buckley-Geer, E; Burke, DL; Carnero Rosell, A; Carrasco Kind, M; Carretero, J; Castander, FJ; Cawthon, R; Chang, C; Chen, X; Choi, A; Costanzi, M; Crocce, M; da Costa, LN; Davis, TM; De Vicente, J; DeRose, J; Desai, S; Diehl, HT; Dietrich, JP; Dodelson, S; Doel, P; Drlica-Wagner, A; Eckert, K; Eifler, TF; Elvin-Poole, J; Estrada, J; Everett, S; Evrard, AE; Farahi, A; Ferrero, I; Flaugher, B; Fosalba, P; Frieman, J; García-Bellido, J; Gatti, M; Gaztanaga, E; Gerdes, DW; Giannantonio, T; Giles, P; Grandis, S; Gruen, D; Gruendl, RA; Gschwend, J; Gutierrez, G; Hartley, WG; Hinton, SR; Hollowood, DL; Honscheid, K; Hoyle, B; Huterer, D; James, DJ; Jarvis, M; Jeltema, T; Johnson, MWG; Johnson, MD; Kent, S; Krause, E; Kron, R; Kuehn, K; Kuropatkin, N; Lahav, O; Li, TS; Lidman, C; Lima, M; Lin, H; MacCrann, N; Maia, MAG; Mantz, A; Marshall, JL; Martini, P; Mayers, J; Melchior, P; Mena-Fernández, J; Menanteau, F; Miquel, R; Mohr, JJ; Nichol, RC; Nord, B; Ogando, RLC; Palmese, A; Paz-Chinchón, F; Plazas, AA; Prat, J; Rau, MM; Romer, AK; Roodman, A; Rooney, P; Rozo, E; Rykoff, ES; Sako, M; Samuroff, S; Sánchez, C; Sanchez, E; Saro, A; Scarpine, V; Schubnell, M; Scolnic, D; Serrano, S; Sevilla-Noarbe, I; Sheldon, E; Smith, J Allyn; Smith, M; Suchyta, E; Swanson, MEC; Tarle, G; Thomas, D; To, C; Troxel, MA; Tucker, DL; Varga, TN; von der Linden, A; Walker, AR; Wechsler, RH; Weller, J; Wilkinson, RD; Wu, H; Yanny, B; Zhang, Y; Zhang, Z; Zuntz, J; Collaboration, DES
    We perform a joint analysis of the counts and weak lensing signal of redMaPPer clusters selected from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 dataset. Our analysis uses the same shear and source photometric redshifts estimates as were used in the DES combined probes analysis. Our analysis results in surprisingly low values for $S_8 =\sigma_8(\Omega_{\rm m}/0.3)^{0.5}= 0.65\pm 0.04$, driven by a low matter density parameter, $\Omega_{\rm m}=0.179^{+0.031}_{-0.038}$, with $\sigma_8-\Omega_{\rm m}$ posteriors in $2.4\sigma$ tension with the DES Y1 3x2pt results, and in $5.6\sigma$ with the Planck CMB analysis. These results include the impact of post-unblinding changes to the analysis, which did not improve the level of consistency with other data sets compared to the results obtained at the unblinding. The fact that multiple cosmological probes (supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, cosmic shear, galaxy clustering and CMB anisotropies), and other galaxy cluster analyses all favor significantly higher matter densities suggests the presence of systematic errors in the data or an incomplete modeling of the relevant physics. Cross checks with X-ray and microwave data, as well as independent constraints on the observable--mass relation from SZ selected clusters, suggest that the discrepancy resides in our modeling of the weak lensing signal rather than the cluster abundance. Repeating our analysis using a higher richness threshold ($\lambda \ge 30$) significantly reduces the tension with other probes, and points to one or more richness-dependent effects not captured by our model.
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    The antiviral inhibitory capacity of CD8+T cells predicts the rate of CD4+cell decline in HIV-1 infection
    (HIV MEDICINE, 2012-04) Yang, H; Wu, H; Hancock, G; Clutton, G; Sande, N; Xu, X; Yan, H-P; Huang, X; Angus, B; Kuldanek, K; Fidler, S; Denny, T; Birks, J; McMichael, A; Dorrell, L
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