Browsing by Author "Yan, H"

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    Antiviral inhibitory capacity of CD8+ T cells predicts the rate of CD4+ T-cell decline in HIV-1 infection.
    (J Infect Dis, 2012-08-15) Yang, H; Wu, H; Hancock, G; Clutton, G; Sande, N; Xu, X; Yan, H; Huang, X; Angus, B; Kuldanek, K; Fidler, S; Denny, TN; Birks, J; McMichael, A; Dorrell, L
    BACKGROUND: Rare human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals who maintain control of viremia without therapy show potent CD8+ T-cell-mediated suppression of viral replication in vitro. Whether this is a determinant of the rate of disease progression in viremic individuals is unknown. METHODS: We measured CD8+ T-cell-mediated inhibition of a heterologous HIV-1 isolate in 50 HIV-1-seropositive adults with diverse progression rates. Linear mixed models were used to determine whether CD8+ T-cell function could explain variation in the rate of CD4+ T-cell decline. RESULTS: There was a significant interaction between CD8+ T-cell antiviral activity in vitro and the rate of CD4+ T-cell decline in chronically infected individuals (P < .0001). In a second prospective analysis of recently infected subjects followed for up to 3 years, CD8+ T-cell antiviral activity strongly predicted subsequent CD4+ T-cell decline (P < .0001) and explained up to 73% of the interindividual variation in the CD4+ T-cell slope. In addition, it was inversely associated with viral load set point (r = -0.68 and P = .002). CONCLUSIONS: The antiviral inhibitory capacity of CD8+ T cells is highly predictive of CD4+ T-cell loss in early HIV-1 infection. It has potential as a benchmark of effective immunity in vaccine evaluation.
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    Determination of the Axial-Vector Weak Coupling Constant with Ultracold Neutrons
    (2010) Liu, J; Mendenhall, MP; Holley, AT; Back, HO; Bowles, TJ; Broussard, LJ; Carr, R; Clayton, S; Currie, S; Filippone, BW; García, A; Geltenbort, P; Hickerson, KP; Hoagland, J; Hogan, GE; Hona, B; Ito, TM; Liu, C-Y; Makela, M; Mammei, RR; Martin, JW; Melconian, D; Morris, CL; Pattie, RW; Pérez Galván, A; Pitt, ML; Plaster, B; Ramsey, JC; Rios, R; Russell, R; Saunders, A; Seestrom, SJ; Sondheim, WE; Tatar, E; Vogelaar, RB; VornDick, B; Wrede, C; Yan, H; Young, AR; UCNA Collaboration
    A precise measurement of the neutron decay beta asymmetry A(0) has been carried out using polarized ultracold neutrons from the pulsed spallation ultracold neutron source at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Combining data obtained in 2008 and 2009, we report A(0) = -0.119 66 +/- 0.000 89(-0.001 40)(+0.001 23), from which we determine the ratio of the axial- vector to vector weak coupling of the nucleon gA/gV = -1.275 90(-0.004 45)(+0.004 09).