Browsing by Author "Yang, Kaichun"

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    An acoustofluidic device for the automated separation of platelet-reduced plasma from whole blood.
    (Microsystems & nanoengineering, 2024-01) Ma, Zhehan; Xia, Jianping; Upreti, Neil; David, Emeraghi; Rufo, Joseph; Gu, Yuyang; Yang, Kaichun; Yang, Shujie; Xu, Xiangchen; Kwun, Jean; Chambers, Eileen; Huang, Tony Jun
    Separating plasma from whole blood is an important sample processing technique required for fundamental biomedical research, medical diagnostics, and therapeutic applications. Traditional protocols for plasma isolation require multiple centrifugation steps or multiunit microfluidic processing to sequentially remove large red blood cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs), followed by the removal of small platelets. Here, we present an acoustofluidic platform capable of efficiently removing RBCs, WBCs, and platelets from whole blood in a single step. By leveraging differences in the acoustic impedances of fluids, our device generates significantly greater forces on suspended particles than conventional microfluidic approaches, enabling the removal of both large blood cells and smaller platelets in a single unit. As a result, undiluted human whole blood can be processed by our device to remove both blood cells and platelets (>90%) at low voltages (25 Vpp). The ability to successfully remove blood cells and platelets from plasma without altering the properties of the proteins and antibodies present creates numerous potential applications for our platform in biomedical research, as well as plasma-based diagnostics and therapeutics. Furthermore, the microfluidic nature of our device offers advantages such as portability, cost efficiency, and the ability to process small-volume samples.
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    Rapid and comprehensive detection of viral antibodies and nucleic acids via an acoustofluidic integrated molecular diagnostics chip: AIMDx
    (Science Advances, 2025-01-17) Qian, Jiao; Xia, Jianping; Chiang, Samantha; Liu, Jessica F; Li, Ke; Li, Feng; Wei, Fang; Aziz, Mohammad; Kim, Yong; Go, Vinson; Morizio, James; Zhong, Ruoyu; He, Ye; Yang, Kaichun; Yang, Otto O; Wong, David TW; Lee, Luke P; Huang, Tony Jun
    Precise and rapid disease detection is critical for controlling infectious diseases like COVID-19. Current technologies struggle to simultaneously identify viral RNAs and host immune antibodies due to limited integration of sample preparation and detection. Here, we present acoustofluidic integrated molecular diagnostics (AIMDx) on a chip, a platform enabling high-speed, sensitive detection of viral immunoglobulins [immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and IgM] and nucleic acids. AIMDx uses acoustic vortexes and Gor’kov potential wells at a 1/10,000 subwavelength scale for concurrent isolation of viruses and antibodies while excluding cells, bacteria, and large (>200 nanometers) vesicles from saliva samples. The chip facilitates on-chip viral RNA enrichment, lysis in 2 minutes, and detection via transcription loop–mediated isothermal amplification, alongside electrochemical sensing of antibodies, including mucin-masked IgA. AIMDx achieved nearly 100% recovery of viruses and antibodies, a 32-fold RNA detection improvement, and an immunity marker sensitivity of 15.6 picograms per milliliter. This breakthrough provides a transformative tool for multiplex diagnostics, enhancing early infectious disease detection.