Browsing by Subject "DASH diet"
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Item Open Access Aerobic Exercise, Diet, and Neurocognition among Individuals with High Blood Pressure(2009) Smith, Patrick JoseyIn addition to the adverse effects of high blood pressure (HBP) on cardiovascular disease, HBP is also associated with increased risk of stroke, dementia, and neurocognitive dysfunction. Although aerobic exercise and dietary modifications have been shown to reduce blood pressure, no studies have examined the effects of a combined aerobic exercise and dietary intervention on neurocognition among individuals with HBP, a group at elevated risk for neurocognitive dysfunction. As part of a larger investigation, the ENCORE study, this study examined the effects of dietary modification alone and combined with aerobic exercise on neurocognitive function among individuals with HBP. One hundred twenty five individuals with high normal blood pressure were randomized to an aerobic exercise and dietary modification group (DASH + WM), dietary modification alone (DASH-A), or a usual care control group. Participants completed a battery of neurocognitive tests assessing executive function and vigilance at baseline and again following the four month intervention. Following the intervention, participants in the DASH + WM and DASH-A groups exhibited modest improvements in neurocognitive function relative to controls, and these changes appeared to be mediated by improved cardiovascular fitness and weight loss. A combined aerobic exercise and dietary intervention improves neurocognitive function among individuals with HBP.
Item Open Access Examining Patterns and Predictors of Diet Tracking via Mobile Technologies Among Women with Hypertension(2019) Christy, JacobBackground: Hypertension is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Studies have shown that hypertension may have a more severe effect on cardiovascular disease outcomes among women. To mitigate this risk of hypertension in women, evidence supports that the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet as an effective treatment. Despite decades of evidence supporting the efficacy of the DASH diet to treat hypertension, compliance to DASH remains consistently low across all populations. However, given the importance of self-monitoring for producing behavior change, innovative efforts that utilize this strategy are needed to improve adoption of DASH on a population level. Methods: This thesis is a secondary analysis of 3-month digital health intervention (DASH Cloud) to improve adoption of DASH among high risk women conducted in Durham, NC at Duke University. Participants (N= 59) were allocated into the DASH Cloud arm (N= 30), or the attention control arm (N = 29). Both groups received publicly available booklets about the DASH diet and were asked to self-monitor their diet using a commercially available diet tracking app. Only the intervention arm received personalized feedback about their compliance to the DASH diet and skills training videos via text message. The goal of this study was to understand patterns and predictors of self-monitoring via the diet tracking app. Results: Overall, the median proportion of self-monitoring engagement was 76%. By treatment arm, the median proportion of engagement in the DASH Cloud arm and attention control arm was 68% and 85%, respectively. Significant predictors of self-monitoring include those who had 100% engagement during the first two weeks and first month of the study, had marital support, lower BMI, at least a college degree, insurance, a negative perception of their food environment, were somewhat comfortable with using apps and less likely to use an app to track medication adherence. Conclusion: This study provided evidence that self-monitoring of diet is high within the context of an intervention aimed at using digital health to promote compliance to the DASH diet among high risk women. The strongest predictor of self-monitoring engagement was early engagement. This suggests that interventions aiming to improve rates of self-monitoring an improve uptake of DASH using diet tracking apps should aim to improve early engagement to achieve success overall. However, given the small sample size of the study, future studies should include a larger population to describe patterns of self-monitoring and ascertain other predictors of engagement.
Item Open Access Short-term effects of the DASH diet in adults with moderate chronic kidney disease: a pilot feeding study.(Clinical kidney journal, 2016-08) Tyson, Crystal C; Lin, Pao-Hwa; Corsino, Leonor; Batch, Bryan C; Allen, Jenifer; Sapp, Shelly; Barnhart, Huiman; Nwankwo, Chinazo; Burroughs, Jasmine; Svetkey, Laura PAlthough the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet lowers blood pressure (BP) for adults with normal kidney function, evidence is lacking regarding its safety and efficacy in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to test the effects of the DASH diet on serum electrolytes and BP in adults with moderate CKD.In a prospective before-after feeding study, 11 adults with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 30-59 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and medication-treated hypertension were provided a reduced-sodium, run-in diet for 1 week followed by a reduced-sodium, DASH diet for 2 weeks. Changes in serum electrolytes and BP were compared pre-post DASH.Eleven participants underwent feeding; 1 completed 1 week and 10 completed 2 weeks of DASH. Compared with baseline, DASH modestly increased serum potassium at 1 week (mean ± standard deviation, +0.28 ± 0.4 mg/dL; P = 0.043) but had no significant effect on potassium at 2 weeks (+0.15 ± 0.28 mg/dL; P = 0.13). Serum bicarbonate was reduced (-2.5 ± 3.0 mg/dL; P = 0.03) at 2 weeks. Neither incident hyperkalemia nor new onset metabolic acidosis was observed. Clinic BP and mean 24-h ambulatory BP was unchanged. DASH significantly reduced mean nighttime BP (-5.3 ± 5.8 mmHg; P = 0.018), and enhanced percent declines in both nocturnal systolic BP (-2.1% to -5.1%; P = 0.004) and diastolic BP (-3.7% to -10.0%; P = 0.008).These pilot data suggest that a reduced-sodium DASH dietary pattern does not cause acute metabolic events in adults with moderate CKD and may improve nocturnal BP. Definitive studies are needed to determine long-term effects of DASH in CKD.