Browsing by Subject "Ecosystem-based management"
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Item Open Access Climate science strategy of the US National Marine Fisheries Service(Marine Policy, 2016-12) Sykora-Bodie, Seth; Busch, D Shallin; Griffis, Roger; Link, Jason; Abrams, Karen; Baker, Jason; Brainard, Russell E; Ford, Michael; Hare, Jonathan A; Himes-Cornell, Amber; Hollowed, Anne; Mantua, Nathan J; McClatchie, Sam; McClure, Michelle; Nelson, Mark W; Osgood, Kenric; Peterson, Jay O; Rust, Michael; Saba, Vincent; Sigler, Michael F; Toole, Christopher; Thunberg, Eric; Waples, Robin S; Merrick, RichardItem Open Access Conceptualizing and operationalizing human wellbeing for ecosystem assessment and management(Environmental Science and Policy, 2016-12-01) Breslow, SJ; Sojka, B; Barnea, R; Basurto, X; Carothers, C; Charnley, S; Coulthard, S; Dolšak, N; Donatuto, J; García-Quijano, C; Hicks, CC; Levine, A; Mascia, MB; Norman, K; Poe, M; Satterfield, T; Martin, KS; Levin, PS© 2016 Elsevier Ltd There is growing interest in assessing the effects of changing environmental conditions and management actions on human wellbeing. A challenge is to translate social science expertise regarding these relationships into terms usable by environmental scientists, policymakers, and managers. Here, we present a comprehensive, structured, and transparent conceptual framework of human wellbeing designed to guide the development of indicators and a complementary social science research agenda for ecosystem-based management. Our framework grew out of an effort to develop social indicators for an integrated ecosystem assessment (IEA) of the California Current large marine ecosystem. Drawing from scholarship in international development, anthropology, geography, and political science, we define human wellbeing as a state of being with others and the environment, which arises when human needs are met, when individuals and communities can act meaningfully to pursue their goals, and when individuals and communities enjoy a satisfactory quality of life. We propose four major social science-based constituents of wellbeing: connections, capabilities, conditions, and cross-cutting domains. The latter includes the domains of equity and justice, security, resilience, and sustainability, which may be assessed through cross-cutting analyses of other constituents. We outline a process for identifying policy-relevant attributes of wellbeing that can guide ecosystem assessments. To operationalize the framework, we provide a detailed table of attributes and a large database of available indicators, which may be used to develop measures suited to a variety of management needs and social goals. Finally, we discuss four guidelines for operationalizing human wellbeing measures in ecosystem assessments, including considerations for context, feasibility, indicators and research, and social difference. Developed for the U.S. west coast, the framework may be adapted for other regions, management needs, and scales with appropriate modifications.Item Open Access Ecosystem-based Management of Pacific Tunas(2006) Protopapadakis, LiaEcosystem-based management is fast becoming the way to solve all the nation's fishery problems. It will rebuild fish stocks, eliminate bycatch, and halt habitat destruction; it will fix jurisdictional mismatches and encourage community participation; it will satisfy environmentalists and please fishermen. These are lofty expectations for a concept that few can explain. However, managers are still if it applies to all fisheries. To resolve this, I examined ecosystem-based management in the context of the United State’s yellowfin and bigeye fisheries and suggested ecosystem-based approaches to managing this fishery. EBM is the management of human behavior in a way that maintains healthy and productive ecosystems for present and future generations. Its main themes include: maintaining ecological integrity, matching ecological and governance boundaries, and recognizing humans as a part of the ecosystem. Using ecosystem approaches to management offers several benefits to fisheries managers, including: a tool to address non-fishing related causes for declining fisheries, such as the dams in the Pacific Northwest that have endangered most salmon runs; an opportunity to re-furbish an aging management system; and a method for setting management and conservation priorities. Some of these benefits are not applicable to pelagic fisheries. However a large number of issues currently facing the yellowfin and bigeye fisheries can be addressed with EBM. These include: the overfishing of stocks, the definition of stock boundaries, the unintentional capture of non-target species, the contamination of tuna with mercury, and the flexibility of fishermen in response to regulation. Because of these benefits, and in light of the fact that fisheries managers are clearly moving toward using EBM (Kalo et al. 2002, EPAP 1998, POC 2003, USCOP 2004, WPRFMC 2005), I found that EBM is worth pursuing in pelagic fisheries in the future, despite the challenges mangers will face when implementing it.Item Open Access Governance Recommendations for the Implementation of Ecosystem-Based Management within the Albemarle-Pamlico National Estuary Partnership(2013-04-25) Page, Jordan; Pool, Taylor; Menaquale, AndrewThe Albemarle-Pamlico National Estuary Partnership (APNEP) is an estuarine management program operating from within the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources with financial support from USEPA. The program area extends across most of the Albemarle-Pamlico watershed, including a large portion of southern Virginia. Recently, APNEP has revised its management plan to implement an Ecosystem Based Management (EBM) strategy that takes a multimodal approach to conservation. In this report, we use case studies of other individual state, bi-state, regional, and international conservation partnerships to produce a set of objectives for APNEP to increase its institutional ability to implement EBM goals throughout its program area. Findings include recommendations and advice to: (a) establish mechanisms of accountability for essential management organizations; (b) develop EBM agendas for specific agencies; (c) establish priority management areas; (d) expand APNEP’s program area to include the entire Roanoke River Basin; (e) expand cooperative GIS mapping capability between NC and VA; (f) update and renew the MOA between NC and VA agencies for cooperative regional conservation management; and, (g) address the possible relocation of the APNEP office from a state agency.Item Open Access Governance Recommendations for the Implementation of Ecosystem-Based Management within the Albemarle-Pamlico National Estuary Partnership(2013-04-25) Pool, Taylor; Page, Jordan; Menaquale, AndrewThe Albemarle-Pamlico National Estuary Partnership (APNEP) is an estuarine management program operating from within the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources with financial support from USEPA. The program area extends across most of the Albemarle-Pamlico watershed, including a large portion of southern Virginia. Recently, APNEP has revised its management plan to implement an Ecosystem Based Management (EBM) strategy that takes a multimodal approach to conservation. In this report, we use case studies of other individual state, bi-state, regional, and international conservation partnerships to produce a set of objectives for APNEP to increase its institutional ability to implement EBM goals throughout its program area. Findings include recommendations and advice to: (a) establish mechanisms of accountability for essential management organizations; (b) develop EBM agendas for specific agencies; (c) establish priority management areas; (d) expand APNEP’s program area to include the entire Roanoke River Basin; (e) expand cooperative GIS mapping capability between NC and VA; (f) update and renew the MOA between NC and VA agencies for cooperative regional conservation management; and, (g) address the possible relocation of the APNEP office from a state agency.