Browsing by Subject "Greenhouse gas emission"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Environmental Help Desk for Transportation and Warehousing Industries
    (2013-04-24) Xie, Yilin; Yuan, Yuan; Gelsinger, Taylor; Chou, Joseph
    Companies today face a variety of challenges and opportunities when considering investing in the environmental sustainability of their business. Compared to large companies, small and medium sized businesses do not have the resources available to leverage for consultants or invest in capital intensive projects. Therefore, Green Plus has developed the online Environmental Help Desk with the Green Supply Chain Information tool. In developing the tool, we focused on the transportation and warehousing industry. Through our research and analysis, companies may use the Green Supply Chain Information tool to better guide their decisions by finding out the major issues in their field, what industry leaders are doing, the resources and certifications available, costs and benefits of certain practices, and the stages of sustainable progress for a company.
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    Examine Agricultural Land Use Practices and Their Effects on Carbon Storage and Flux in the United States
    (2022-04-22) Wang, Hongyi; Luo, Zhixian
    The terrestrial ecosystem has provided a net carbon sink, equal to 20% of total greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from industrial activities in the past three decades, yet many land use activities, mainly agriculture, can drastically change natural land carbon flux. We worked with Resources for the Future (RFF) on the Carbon and Land Use Model (CALM) that helps with evaluating the effects of policy decisions on land use and relevant carbon flux changes. To evaluate potential approaches for estimating accurate carbon fluxes from agricultural land use practices, our team first conducted literature review to ascertain carbon flux from different land use changes along with detailed examination of the EPA GHG Emission inventory report 2021 and the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Then, we identified and assessed data knowledge gaps in existing methods of emission estimation and carbon fluxes modeling. Finally, recommendations were provided to RFF on how the CALM model can be further developed and utilized.
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    Surface Ozone Change in China from 2010 to 2017 and its Impact on Crop Yield
    (2020-04-24) Li, Dianyi
    Ambient Ozone (O3) exposure is considered to impose negative impacts on plants and crops. In this study, we performed a comprehensive estimation on the crop yield losses attribute to surface O3 in China from 2010 to 2017 applying the model predicted ambient ozone concertation across China. Spatial and temporal distribution of relative yield loss and crop production loss was calculated using AOT40 metrics (hourly ozone concentration over a threshold of 0.04 ppm h over the growing season). Our results show that from 2010 to 2017, national average AOT40 level ranges from 44 ppm h in 2010 to 71 ppm h in 2014. By using concentration response function, we then calculated the crops relative yields, including wheat, rice, maize and soybean from surface ozone, and found that average O3 induced crop yield loss were around 44.67 million Mt, 44.74 million Mt, 7.41 million Mt, and 0.38 million Mt individually, inducing average economic loss of $15.76Billion, $20.33Billion, $0.58 Billion, and $0.29Billion accordingly. Our results provided quantitative estimation on crop yield loss and its economic cost from ambient ozone concentration and improved the understanding of crop and spatial sensitivity to ozone impact.