Browsing by Subject "Monkeypox"

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    Healthcare workers and monkeypox: The case for risk mitigation.
    (International journal of surgery open, 2023-01) Manirambona, Emery; Felicilda Lopez, Jaifred Christian; Nduwimana, Colyse; Okesanya, Olalekan John; Mbonimpaye, Régis; Musa, Shuaibu Saidu; Usman, Abubakar Haruna; Lucero-Prisno, Don Eliseo
    Potentially more at risk of contracting the monkeypox virus are healthcare workers. Most healthcare workers come into direct contact with the disease's infected people, which can spread directly and indirectly. Healthcare professionals must contact patients with the disease and any infected objects or fluids to effectively manage the disease, which further increases the risk of transmission. It is crucial to put safety measures in place and protect healthcare workers. To stop the spread of the monkeypox virus, countries must develop the necessary safeguards and countermeasures. In this emergency, healthcare systems must be strengthened. All healthcare systems should offer staff sufficient personal protective equipment (PPE) and facilitate risk assessment among those with a high risk of exposure. Any suspected case of monkeypox requires caution on the part of healthcare professionals. They must abide by infection control safety rules and protective measures.
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    Severe Monkeypox in Hospitalized Patients - United States, August 10-October 10, 2022.
    (MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2022-11) Miller, Maureen J; Cash-Goldwasser, Shama; Marx, Grace E; Schrodt, Caroline A; Kimball, Anne; Padgett, Kia; Noe, Rebecca S; McCormick, David W; Wong, Joshua M; Labuda, Sarah M; Borah, Brian F; Zulu, Isaac; Asif, Amimah; Kaur, Gurpreet; McNicholl, Janet M; Kourtis, Athena; Tadros, Andrew; Reagan-Steiner, Sarah; Ritter, Jana M; Yu, Yon; Yu, Patricia; Clinton, Rachel; Parker, Corrine; Click, Eleanor S; Salzer, Johanna S; McCollum, Andrea M; Petersen, Brett; Minhaj, Faisal S; Brown, Ericka; Fischer, Michael P; Atmar, Robert L; DiNardo, Andrew R; Xu, Ya; Brown, Cameron; Goodman, Jerry Clay; Holloman, Ashley; Gallardo, Julia; Siatecka, Hanna; Huffman, Georgia; Powell, John; Alapat, Philip; Sarkar, Pralay; Hanania, Nicola A; Bruck, Or; Brass, Steven D; Mehta, Aneesh; Dretler, Alexandra W; Feldpausch, Amanda; Pavlick, Jessica; Spencer, Hillary; Ghinai, Isaac; Black, Stephanie R; Hernandez-Guarin, Laura N; Won, Sarah Y; Shankaran, Shivanjali; Simms, Andrew T; Alarcón, Jemma; O'Shea, Jesse G; Brooks, John T; McQuiston, Jennifer; Honein, Margaret A; O'Connor, Siobhán M; Chatham-Stephens, Kevin; O'Laughlin, Kevin; Rao, Agam K; Raizes, Elliot; Gold, Jeremy AW; Morris, Sapna Bamrah; CDC Severe Monkeypox Investigations Team
    As of October 21, 2022, a total of 27,884 monkeypox cases (confirmed and probable) have been reported in the United States.§ Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men have constituted a majority of cases, and persons with HIV infection and those from racial and ethnic minority groups have been disproportionately affected (1,2). During previous monkeypox outbreaks, severe manifestations of disease and poor outcomes have been reported among persons with HIV infection, particularly those with AIDS (3-5). This report summarizes findings from CDC clinical consultations provided for 57 patients aged ≥18 years who were hospitalized with severe manifestations of monkeypox during August 10-October 10, 2022, and highlights three clinically representative cases. Overall, 47 (82%) patients had HIV infection, four (9%) of whom were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) before monkeypox diagnosis. Most patients were male (95%) and 68% were non-Hispanic Black (Black). Overall, 17 (30%) patients received intensive care unit (ICU)-level care, and 12 (21%) have died. As of this report, monkeypox was a cause of death or contributing factor in five of these deaths; six deaths remain under investigation to determine whether monkeypox was a causal or contributing factor; and in one death, monkeypox was not a cause or contributing factor.** Health care providers and public health professionals should be aware that severe morbidity and mortality associated with monkeypox have been observed during the current outbreak in the United States (6,7), particularly among highly immunocompromised persons. Providers should test all sexually active patients with suspected monkeypox for HIV at the time of monkeypox testing unless a patient is already known to have HIV infection. Providers should consider early commencement and extended duration of monkeypox-directed therapy†† in highly immunocompromised patients with suspected or laboratory-diagnosed monkeypox.§§ Engaging all persons with HIV in sustained care remains a critical public health priority.