Browsing by Subject "Ocean governance"
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Open Access A Comprehensive National Ocean Policy: America's Next Step?(2005) Gove, MattHistorically, ocean governance has been sectoral in nature: different levels and sectors of government divide responsibility for ocean issues among them. In 1998, Australia released Australia’s Oceans Policy, the first comprehensive national ocean policy statement in the world. This policy framework addresses every level and sector of Australian ocean governance. Since then, other nations have joined Australia in unifying and clarifying their ocean governance. The U.S. may be next. Two reports, the Pew Oceans Commission and the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy, recommend sweeping overhauls to U.S. oceans governance, including the creation of a comprehensive national ocean policy. Released within the last two years, these reports have caught the attention of legislators. I examined and compared the creation and implementation of other nation’s comprehensive national ocean policies, gaining insights into the composition of a successful policy. I recommend, among other things, that the U.S. pass an integrated, fully encompassing, authoritative, and binding National Ocean Policy Act.Item Open Access Ocean Data Science Initiatives Engage in the Ocean Science-Policy Interface by Positioning their Data and Services as Policy Relevant(2024-04-26) Gulino, JustinGlobal attention towards ocean data and science is at a level never seen before. Powerful global actors such as the United Nations have recognized the potential for ocean data to deliver transformative change to bolster ocean health and chart a more sustainable future. Ocean Data Science Initiatives (ODSI) sit at the intersection of data and policy. These organizations mobilize data with the intention to inform or improve ocean conditions. With prior research establishing ODSIs as critical ocean governance actors, I set out to examine how ODSIs are positioning themselves and their data as policy relevant. I also explored the similarities and differences of ODSIs based on their sector area and organizational structure. My results indicate that ODSIs do indeed engage in the ocean science-policy interface to position themselves and their data as policy-relevant. I conclude that such positioning should be viewed cautiously as data often has political consequences. Future research can either more deeply examine ODSIs' public-facing policy positionings or explore ODSIs' internal, unstated policy priorities to further understand ODSIs’ role in the ocean science policy interface.Item Open Access Spatial Opportunities for High Seas Conservation Under the U.N. Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Treaty(2024-04-25) Barbaro, AllisonAfter 21 years, the United Nations adopted the Agreement under UNCLOS on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction, or BBNJ Agreement, in 2023 to provide a legal framework for high seas conservation, as many species are in decline. However, Article V states the agreement will be “applied in a manner that does not undermine” relevant legal bodies, raising concerns for how this long-awaited treaty will reach targets for ocean conservation among contentious international groups. This study identifies the areas of the high seas with the least and largest number of overlapping relevant international bodies (potential low/high conflict). Results indicate a complex patchwork of governance, with the least governed areas at only 0.15% of the high seas. This emphasizes the need for improved cooperation among these institutions for future high seas conservation.