Browsing by Subject "Political Science"
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Item Open Access Acting Out: Qui pro Quo in the Context of Interwar Warsaw(East European Politics and Societies, 2013-05-01) Holmgren, BIn the turbulent context of interwar Polish politics, a period bookended by the right-wing nationalists' repression of an ethnically heterogeneous state, several popular high-quality cabarets persisted in Warsaw even as they provoked and defied the nationalists' harsh criticism. In their best, most influential incarnation, Qui pro Quo (1919-1932) and its successors, these literary cabarets violated the right's value system through their shows' insistent metropolitan focus, their stars' role-modeling of immoral behavior and parodic impersonation, and their companies' explicitly Jewish-Gentile collaboration. In the community of the cabaret, which was even more bohemian and déclassé than that of the legitimate theater, the social and ethnic antagonisms of everyday Warsaw society mattered relatively little. Writers and players bonded with each other, above all, in furious pursuit of fun, fortune, celebrity, artistic kudos, and putting on a hit show. This analysis details how the contents and stars of Qui pro Quo challenged right-wing values. Its shows advertised the capital as a sumptuous metropolis as well as a home to an eccentric array of plebeian and underworld types, including variations on the cwaniak warszawski enacted by comedian Adolf Dymsza. Its chief female stars-Zula Pogorzelska, Mira Zimińska, and Hanna Ordonówna-incarnated big-city glamour and sexual emancipation. Its recurring Jewish characters-Józef Urstein's Pikuś and Kazimierz Krukowski's Lopek-functioned as modern-day Warsaw's everymen, beleaguered and bedazzled as they assimilated to city life. Qui pro Quo's popular defense against an exclusionary nationalism showcased collaborative artistry and diverse, charismatic stars. © 2012 Sage Publications.Item Open Access Archival research in Africa(African Affairs, 2017-04-01) Daly, Samuel Fury ChildsItem Open Access Bringing Organizations Back In: Multilevel Feedback Effects on Individual Civic Inclusion(Policy Studies Journal, 2019-05-01) Goss, KA; Barnes, C; Rose, DPolicy feedback scholarship has focused on how laws and their implementation affect either organizations (e.g., their resources, priorities, political opportunities, or incentive structures) or individuals (e.g., their civic skills and resources or their psychological orientations toward the state). However, in practice the distinction between organizations and individuals is not clear-cut: Organizations interpret policy for individuals, and individuals experience policy through organizations. Thus, scholars have argued for a multi-level model of feedback effects illuminating how policies operating at the organizational level reverberate at the individual level. In this theory-building article, we push this insight by examining how public policy influences nonprofit organizations’ role in the civic life of beneficiaries. We identify five roles that nonprofit organizations play. For each role, we draw on existing research to identify policy mechanisms that either enlarge or diminish nonprofits’ capacity to facilitate individual incorporation and engagement. From these examples, we derive cross-cutting hypotheses concerning how different categories of citizens may need policy to operate differently to enhance their civic influence; whether policy that is “delivered” through nonprofits may dampen citizens’ relationship with the state; and how the civic boost provided by policy may be influenced by the degree of latitude conferred on recipient organizations.Item Open Access Can Results-Free Review Reduce Publication Bias? The Results and Implications of a Pilot Study(Comparative Political Studies, 2016-11) Findley, MG; Jensen, NM; Malesky, EJ; Pepinsky, TB© 2016, © The Author(s) 2016. In 2015, Comparative Political Studies embarked on a landmark pilot study in research transparency in the social sciences. The editors issued an open call for submissions of manuscripts that contained no mention of their actual results, incentivizing reviewers to evaluate manuscripts based on their theoretical contributions, research designs, and analysis plans. The three papers in this special issue are the result of this process that began with 19 submissions. In this article, we describe the rationale for this pilot, expressly articulating the practices of preregistration and results-free review. We document the process of carrying out the special issue with a discussion of the three accepted papers, and critically evaluate the role of both preregistration and results-free review. Our main conclusions are that results-free review encourages much greater attention to theory and research design, but that it raises thorny problems about how to anticipate and interpret null findings. We also observe that as currently practiced, results-free review has a particular affinity with experimental and cross-case methodologies. Our lack of submissions from scholars using qualitative or interpretivist research suggests limitations to the widespread use of results-free review.Item Open Access Chains of Love? Global Production and the Firm-Level Diffusion of Labor Standards(American Journal of Political Science, 2018-07-01) Malesky, EJ; Mosley, L©2018, Midwest Political Science Association Under what conditions does the global economy serve as a means for the diffusion of labor standards and practices? We anticipate variation among internationally engaged firms in their propensity to improve labor standards. Upgrading is most likely when a firm's products exhibit significant cross-market differences in markups, making accessing high-standards overseas markets particularly profitable. Additionally, upgrading is more likely when lead firms attach a high salience to labor standards. Therefore, while participation in global production induces “trading up” behaviors among firms overall, the effect strength varies across industries. We test our expectations via a survey experiment, which queries foreign firms operating in Vietnam about their willingness to invest in labor-related upgrading. We find strong evidence for the effect of markups on upgrading choices and suggestive evidence for the saliency mechanism.Item Open Access Competing for global capital or local voters? The politics of business location incentives(Public Choice, 2015-09) Jensen, NM; Malesky, EJ; Walsh, M© 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York. The competition for global capital has led to interjurisdictional competition between countries, states and cities as to who can offer the most attractive incentives to firms. In this study, we examine the domestic politics of this competition by focusing on incentive use in the United States from 1999 to 2012. We define incentives as the targeted tax deductions or exemptions that are used to lure businesses into a locality. Drawing on data from municipal incentive programs, we examine how electoral competition shapes the use and oversight of targeted incentives. We find evidence that cities with elected mayors provide larger incentives than non-elected city managers by taking advantage of exogeneity in the assignment of city government institutions and a database of over 2000 investment incentives from 2010 to 2012. We also find that elected mayors enjoy more lax oversight of incentive projects than their appointed counterparts. Our results have important implications for the study of interjurisdictional competition and the role of electoral institutions in shaping economic policy.Item Open Access How China Escaped the Poverty Trap.(PERSPECTIVES ON POLITICS, 2017-12-01) Malesky, Edmund JItem Open Access Integrating core concepts from the institutional analysis and development framework for the systematic analysis of policy designs: An illustration from the US National Organic Program regulation(Journal of Theoretical Politics, 2016-01-01) Carter, DP; Weible, CM; Siddiki, SN; Basurto, X© 2015, © The Author(s) 2015. Public policies are structured by policy designs that communicate the key elements, linkages, and underlying logic through which policy objectives are to be realized. This paper operationalizes and integrates core concepts from the institutional analysis and development framework, including the institutional grammar, the rule typology, action situations, and levels of decision making, to provide a systematic approach for analyzing policy designs. The approach is illustrated through an application to the United States Department of Agriculture’s National Organic Program regulation, which outlines an unusual semi-voluntary regulatory program that relies on independent third-party organizations for Program administration. The conclusion identifies opportunities and a research agenda for the institutional analysis of policy designs.Item Open Access Introduction to Advancing Philanthropic Scholarship: The Implications of Transformation(PS - Political Science and Politics, 2018-01-01) Farley, KEW; Goss, KA; Smith, SRItem Open Access Nonstate Actors and Compliance with International Agreements: An Empirical Analysis of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention(International Organization, 2018) Jensen, NM; Malesky, EJ© 2017 The IO Foundation. International relations scholarship has made great progress on the study of compliance with international agreements. While persuasive, most of this work has focused on states' de jure compliance decisions, largely excluding the de facto behavior of nonstate actors whose actions the agreement hopes to constrain. Of particular interest has been whether the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention (ABC) might reduce the propensity of multinational corporations (MNCs) to bribe officials in host countries through its mechanisms of extraterritoriality and extensive peer review. Unfortunately, research is hampered by reporting bias. Since the convention raises the probability of investors' punishment for bribery in their home countries, it reduces both the incentives for bribery and willingness to admit to the activity. This generates uncertainty over which of these incentives drives any correlation between signing the convention and reductions in reported bribery. We address this problem by employing a specialized survey experiment that shields respondents and reduces reporting bias. We find that after the onset of Phase 3 in 2010, when the risk of noncompliance increased for firms subject to the OECD-ABC, those MNCs reduced their actual bribery relative to their nonsignatory competitors.Item Open Access On the origins and goals of public choice: Constitutional conspiracy?(Independent Review, 2018-12-01) Munger, MCItem Open Access Policy Plutocrats: How America's Wealthy Seek to Influence Governance(PS - Political Science and Politics, 2016-07-01) Goss, KAItem Open Access Radical Inequalities: China's Revolutionary Welfare State in Comparative Perspective.(PERSPECTIVES ON POLITICS, 2017-12-01) Malesky, Edmund JItem Open Access State of Empowerment Low-Income Families and the New Welfare State(2020-03-09) Barnes, CarolynIn State of EmpowermentCarolyn Barnes uses ethnographic accounts of three organizations to reveal how interacting with government-funded after-school programs can enhance the civic and political lives of low-income citizens.Item Open Access The Governance Cycle in Parliamentary Democracies A Computational Social Science Approach(INDEPENDENT REVIEW, 2023-01-31) Marchi, Scott de; Laver, MichaelThough realistically modeling this 'governance cycle' is beyond the scope of traditional formal analysis, this book attacks the problem computationally in two ways.Item Open Access The Road to Crony Capitalism(INDEPENDENT REVIEW, 2019-12-01) Munger, Michael C; Vilarreal-Diaz, MarioItem Open Access The Socialization of Conflict and Its Limits: Gender and Gun Politics in America*(Social Science Quarterly, 2017-06-01) Goss, KAObjective: This study considers efforts by gun rights and gun regulation groups to socialize the conflict over firearms policy by engaging a coveted issue public—women. I assess whether gun rights groups have succeeded in weakening women's support for gun control laws and increasing women's firearms ownership. I also examine whether gun regulation groups have succeeded in mobilizing their female sympathizers for political action. Methods: Drawing on two survey archives spanning several decades, I use descriptive statistics and logistic regression to analyze the relationship between women and guns over time. Results: Gun rights groups have had little success in persuading women to become “pro-gun” in attitudes or behaviors. Gun regulation groups have mobilized their female sympathizers but not enough to offset the political engagement of pro-gun men. Conclusion: The findings suggest that civic identities, organizational capacities, and countervailing pressures constrain efforts to socialize conflict through persuasion and mobilization.Item Open Access The U.S. Women’s Jury Movement and Strategic Adaptation. By Holly J. McCammon. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012. 298p. $99.00.(Perspectives on Politics, 2014-03) Goss, Kristin A