Browsing by Subject "Regenerative Medicine"

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    Eighth Annual International Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation Symposium, San Francisco, California, June 3-5, 2010.
    (Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 2011-02) Laughlin, Mary; Kurtzberg, Joanne; McMannis, John; Petz, Lawrence
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    Exosome and Biomimetic Nanoparticle Therapies for Cardiac Regenerative Medicine.
    (Current stem cell research & therapy, 2020-01) Stine, Sydney J; Popowski, Kristen D; Su, Teng; Cheng, Ke
    Exosomes and biomimetic nanoparticles have great potential to develop into a wide-scale therapeutic platform within the regenerative medicine industry. Exosomes, a subgroup of EVs with diameter ranging from 30-100 nm, have recently gained attention as an innovative approach for the treatment of various diseases, including heart disease. Their beneficial factors and regenerative properties can be contrasted with various cell types. Various biomimetic nanoparticles have also emerged as a unique platform in regenerative medicine. Biomimetic nanoparticles are a drug delivery platform, which have the ability to contain both biological and fabricated components to improve therapeutic efficiency and targeting. The novelty of these platforms holds promise for future clinical translation upon further investigation. In order for both exosome therapeutics and biomimetic nanoparticles to translate into large-scale clinical treatment, numerous factors must first be considered and improved. Standardization of different protocols, from exosome isolation to storage conditions, must be optimized to ensure batches are pure. Standardization is also important to ensure no variability in this process across studies, thus making it easier to interpret data across different disease models and treatments. Expansion of clinical trials incorporating both biomimetic nanoparticles and exosomes will require a standardization of fabrication and isolation techniques, as well as stricter regulations to ensure reproducibility across various studies and disease models. This review will summarize current research on exosome therapeutics and the application of biomimetic nanoparticles in cardiac regenerative medicine, as well as applications for exosome expansion and delivery on a large clinical scale.
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    Ferroptotic stress promotes the accumulation of pro-inflammatory proximal tubular cells in maladaptive renal repair.
    (eLife, 2021-07-19) Ide, Shintaro; Kobayashi, Yoshihiko; Ide, Kana; Strausser, Sarah A; Abe, Koki; Herbek, Savannah; O'Brien, Lori L; Crowley, Steven D; Barisoni, Laura; Tata, Aleksandra; Tata, Purushothama Rao; Souma, Tomokazu
    Overwhelming lipid peroxidation induces ferroptotic stress and ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death that has been implicated in maladaptive renal repair in mice and humans. Using single-cell transcriptomic and mouse genetic approaches, we show that proximal tubular (PT) cells develop a molecularly distinct, pro-inflammatory state following injury. While these inflammatory PT cells transiently appear after mild injury and return to their original state without inducing fibrosis, after severe injury they accumulate and contribute to persistent inflammation. This transient inflammatory PT state significantly downregulates glutathione metabolism genes, making the cells vulnerable to ferroptotic stress. Genetic induction of high ferroptotic stress in these cells after mild injury leads to the accumulation of the inflammatory PT cells, enhancing inflammation and fibrosis. Our study broadens the roles of ferroptotic stress from being a trigger of regulated cell death to include the promotion and accumulation of proinflammatory cells that underlie maladaptive repair.
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    Identification of select glucocorticoids as Smoothened agonists: potential utility for regenerative medicine.
    (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2010-05-18) Wang, Jiangbo; Lu, Jiuyi; Bond, Michael C; Chen, Minyong; Ren, Xiu-Rong; Lyerly, H Kim; Barak, Larry S; Chen, Wei
    Regenerative medicine holds the promise of replacing damaged tissues largely by stem cell activation. Hedgehog signaling through the plasma membrane receptor Smoothened (Smo) is an important process for regulating stem cell proliferation. The development of Hedgehog-related therapies has been impeded by a lack of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved Smo agonists. Using a high-content screen with cells expressing Smo receptors and a beta-arrestin2-GFP reporter, we identified four FDA-approved drugs, halcinonide, fluticasone, clobetasol, and fluocinonide, as Smo agonists that activate Hedgehog signaling. These drugs demonstrated an ability to bind Smo, promote Smo internalization, activate Gli, and stimulate the proliferation of primary neuronal precursor cells alone and synergistically in the presence of Sonic Hedgehog protein. Halcinonide, fluticasone, clobetasol, and fluocinonide provide an unprecedented opportunity to develop unique clinical strategies to treat Hedgehog-dependent illnesses.
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    Identifying Treatments for Taste and Smell Disorders: Gaps and Opportunities.
    (Chemical senses, 2020-10) Mainland, Joel D; Barlow, Linda A; Munger, Steven D; Millar, Sarah E; Vergara, M Natalia; Jiang, Peihua; Schwob, James E; Goldstein, Bradley J; Boye, Shannon E; Martens, Jeffrey R; Leopold, Donald A; Bartoshuk, Linda M; Doty, Richard L; Hummel, Thomas; Pinto, Jayant M; Trimmer, Casey; Kelly, Christine; Pribitkin, Edmund A; Reed, Danielle R
    The chemical senses of taste and smell play a vital role in conveying information about ourselves and our environment. Tastes and smells can warn against danger and also contribute to the daily enjoyment of food, friends and family, and our surroundings. Over 12% of the US population is estimated to experience taste and smell (chemosensory) dysfunction. Yet, despite this high prevalence, long-term, effective treatments for these disorders have been largely elusive. Clinical successes in other sensory systems, including hearing and vision, have led to new hope for developments in the treatment of chemosensory disorders. To accelerate cures, we convened the "Identifying Treatments for Taste and Smell Disorders" conference, bringing together basic and translational sensory scientists, health care professionals, and patients to identify gaps in our current understanding of chemosensory dysfunction and next steps in a broad-based research strategy. Their suggestions for high-yield next steps were focused in 3 areas: increasing awareness and research capacity (e.g., patient advocacy), developing and enhancing clinical measures of taste and smell, and supporting new avenues of research into cellular and therapeutic approaches (e.g., developing human chemosensory cell lines, stem cells, and gene therapy approaches). These long-term strategies led to specific suggestions for immediate research priorities that focus on expanding our understanding of specific responses of chemosensory cells and developing valuable assays to identify and document cell development, regeneration, and function. Addressing these high-priority areas should accelerate the development of novel and effective treatments for taste and smell disorders.
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    Standardization, workforce development and advocacy in cell and gene therapies: a summary of the 2020 Regenerative Medicine InterCHANGE.
    (Cytotherapy, 2021-10) McNiece, Ian K; Wacker, Kara K; Kurtzberg, Joanne; Warkentin, Phyllis I
    Cell and gene therapy is a promising and disruptive new field of medicine for diseases lacking effective treatments. Collaboration among stakeholders has become critically important as investigators, health care providers, manufacturers, couriers, data registries, regulators and payers all become more invested in the success of this field. Many organizations have collaborated with each other to increase clarity, advocate for improvements and share lessons learned. These efforts appear to be making an impact, although the potential for duplicative efforts could slow progress. The second Regenerative Medicine InterCHANGE, hosted by the Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy, took place at the Phacilitate Leaders World/World Stem Cell Summit conference in Miami, Florida, on January 24, 2020. Participants from several organizations outlined needs to advance cell and gene therapies. Efforts to address these include standardization, workforce development and advocacy. This article summarizes the major challenges and opportunities discussed during the InterCHANGE.