Browsing by Subject "Restaurants"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Calorie menu labeling on quick-service restaurant menus: an updated systematic review of the literature.
    (The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 2011-01) Swartz, Jonas J; Braxton, Danielle; Viera, Anthony J
    Nutrition labels are one strategy being used to combat the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 mandates that calorie labels be added to menu boards of chain restaurants with 20 or more locations. This systematic review includes seven studies published since the last review on the topic in 2008. Authors searched for peer-reviewed studies using PUBMED and Google Scholar. Included studies used an experimental or quasi-experimental design comparing a calorie-labeled menu with a no-calorie menu and were conducted in laboratories, college cafeterias, and fast food restaurants. Two of the included studies were judged to be of good quality, and five of were judged to be of fair quality. Observational studies conducted in cities after implementation of calorie labeling were imprecise in their measure of the isolated effects of calorie labels. Experimental studies conducted in laboratory settings were difficult to generalize to real world behavior. Only two of the seven studies reported a statistically significant reduction in calories purchased among consumers using calorie-labeled menus. The current evidence suggests that calorie labeling does not have the intended effect of decreasing calorie purchasing or consumption.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Plastic Reduction Case Studies
    (2015-04-24) Su, Shengyuan; Li, Yazhou; Maschal, Emma; Ha, Yuejiao
    Plastic is one of the most commonly-used and convenient materials in most societies around the world. The use of plastic is increasingly controversial, however, due to its negative impacts on the environment, biodiversity, and human health. Two particularly plastic-intensive industries, hotels and restaurants, have initiated efforts to reduce, recycle, and reuse plastic in their operations. This project aims to investigate current plastic reduction practices in the restaurant and hotel industries, and to provide practical strategy suggestions for the improvement of sustainability performance in these and related business sectors. Focusing on the practices of five partner restaurants and five partner hotels, we collected information through phone interviews, an online survey, and online research. This revealed each company’s basic operation, plastic usage, plastic reduction initiatives, and motivations to promote plastic sustainability. We found that although the sample companies have adopted initiatives to reduce plastic and have achieved some success, all of them encounter significant challenges. In addition, there are differences between the hotel and restaurant sectors, as well as among different companies within each sector, in terms of the scales, types, and motivations for plastic reduction. Synthesizing the information we collected, we provide several practical strategies and recommendations for the restaurant and hotel industries to develop plastic reduction practices, and to communicate their initiatives, progress, and performance to the public. For example, we advise that restaurants and hotels cooperate with non-governmental organizations, government programs, and high-tech companies to gain additional support for their plastic pollution reduction initiatives. In addition, it might be an effective strategy to provide financial incentives to change consumers’ behavior of plastic usage. Other suggested strategies include material replacement, recycling and reuse, educating staff to improve the employee engagement, and cooperating with responsible suppliers. This initial study can be expanded in the future to include more sample companies in these two industries, as well as other plastic-intensive industries, such as airline companies and supermarket stores.