Browsing by Subject "Scedosporium"

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    Clinical characteristics and outcomes of invasive Lomentospora prolificans infections: Analysis of patients in the FungiScope® registry.
    (Mycoses, 2020-05) Jenks, Jeffrey D; Seidel, Danila; Cornely, Oliver A; Chen, Sharon; van Hal, Sebastiaan; Kauffman, Carol; Miceli, Marisa H; Heinemann, Melina; Christner, Martin; Jover Sáenz, Alfredo; Burchardt, Alexander; Kemmerling, Björn; Herbrecht, Raoul; Steinmann, Joerg; Shoham, Shmuel; Gräber, Sandra; Pagano, Livio; Deeren, Dries; Slavin, Monica A; Hoenigl, Martin
    OBJECTIVES:Invasive fungal infections caused by Lomentospora prolificans are associated with very high mortality rates and can be challenging to treat given pan-drug resistance to available antifungal agents. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical presentation and outcomes in a cohort of patients with invasive L prolificans infections. METHODS:We performed a retrospective review of medical records of patients with invasive L prolificans infection in the FungiScope® registry of rare invasive fungal infections. Patients diagnosed between 01 January 2008 and 09 September 2019 were included in for analysis. RESULTS:The analysis included 41 patients with invasive L prolificans infection from eight different countries. Haematological/oncological malignancies were the most frequent underlying disease (66%), disseminated infection was frequent (61%), and the lung was the most commonly involved organ (44%). Most infections (59%) were breakthrough infections. Progression/deterioration/treatment failure was observed in 23/40 (58%) of patients receiving antifungal therapy. In total, 21/41 (51%) patients, and 77% of patients with underlying haematological/oncological malignancy, had a fatal outcome attributed to invasive fungal infection. Combination antifungal therapy was frequent (24/40) and associated with improved survival. In particular, treatment regimens including terbinafine were significantly associated with higher treatment success at final assessment (P = .012), with a positive trend observed for treatment regimens that included voriconazole (P = .054). CONCLUSIONS:Lomentospora prolificans infections were associated with mortality rates of 77% and above in patients with underlying haematological/oncological malignancies and those with disseminated infections. While combination therapy is the preferred option for now, the hope lies with novel antifungals currently under development.
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    Voriconazole plus terbinafine combination antifungal therapy for invasive Lomentospora prolificans infections: analysis of 41 patients from the FungiScope® registry 2008-2019.
    (Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020-06) Jenks, JD; Seidel, D; Cornely, OA; Chen, S; van Hal, S; Kauffman, C; Miceli, MH; Heinemann, M; Christner, M; Jover Sáenz, A; Burchardt, A; Kemmerling, B; Herbrecht, R; Steinmann, J; Shoham, S; Gräber, S; Pagano, L; Deeren, D; Aslam, S; Taplitz, R; Revankar, SG; Baddley, J; Mehta, SR; Reed, S; Slavin, MA; Hoenigl, M

    Objectives

    Lomentospora prolificans is an emerging cause of serious invasive fungal infections. Optimal treatment of these infections is unknown, although voriconazole-containing treatment regimens are considered the treatment of choice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of combination antifungal therapy for L. prolificans infections.

    Methods

    We performed a retrospective review of medical records of patients with invasive L. prolificans infection diagnosed between 1 January 2008 and 9 September 2019 that were documented in the FungiScope® registry of rare invasive fungal infections. We compared clinical outcomes between antifungal treatment strategies.

    Results

    Over the study period, 41 individuals with invasive L. prolificans infection from eight different countries were documented in the FungiScope® registry. Overall, 17/40 (43%) had treatment response/stable disease and 21/40 (53%) had a fatal outcome attributed to invasive fungal infection. Combination antifungal therapy was associated with increased 28-day survival (15/24 survived versus 4/16 receiving monotherapy; p 0.027) and the combination voriconazole plus terbinafine trended to be associated with higher rates of treatment success (10/16, 63%, 95% CI 35%-85%) compared with other antifungal treatment regimens (7/24, 29%, 95% CI 13%-51%, p 0.053). In Kaplan-Meier survival analysis there was a higher survival probability in individuals receiving the voriconazole/terbinafine combination compared with other antifungal regimens (median survival 150 days versus 17 days).

    Conclusions

    While overall mortality was high, combination antifungal treatment, and in particular combination therapy with voriconazole plus terbinafine may be associated with improved treatment outcomes compared with other antifungal regimens for the treatment of invasive L. prolificans infections.