Browsing by Subject "complication"
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Item Open Access Outcomes Associated With Familial Versus Nonfamilial Atrial Fibrillation: A Matched Nationwide Cohort Study.(J Am Heart Assoc, 2016-11-19) Gundlund, Anna; Olesen, Jonas Bjerring; Staerk, Laila; Lee, Christina; Piccini, Jonathan P; Peterson, Eric D; Køber, Lars; Torp-Pedersen, Christian; Gislason, Gunnar H; Fosbøl, Emil LoldrupBACKGROUND: We examined all-cause mortality and long-term thromboembolic risk (ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, systemic thromboembolism) in patients with and without familial atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS AND RESULTS: Using Danish nationwide registry data, we identified all patients diagnosed with AF (1995-2012) and divided them into those with familial AF (having a first-degree family member with a prior AF admission) and those with nonfamilial AF. We paired those with and without familial AF according to age, year of AF diagnosis, and sex in a 1:1 match. Using cumulative incidence and multivariable Cox models, we examined the risk of long-term outcomes. We identified 8658 AF patients (4329 matched pairs) with and without familial AF. The median age was 50 years (interquartile range 43-54 years), and 21.4% were women. Compared with nonfamilial AF patients, those with familial AF had slightly less comorbid illness but similar overall CHA2DS2-VASc score (P=0.155). Median follow-up was 3.4 years (interquartile range 1.5-6.5 years). Patients with familial AF had risk of death and thromboembolism similar to those with nonfamilial AF (adjusted hazard ratio 0.91 [95% CI 0.79-1.04] for death and 0.90 [95% CI 0.71-1.14] for thromboembolism). CONCLUSIONS: Although family history of AF is associated with increased likelihood for development of AF, once AF developed, long-term risks of death and thromboembolic complications were similar in familial and nonfamilial AF patients.Item Open Access Perioperative Blindness in Spine Surgery: A Scoping Literature Review.(Journal of clinical medicine, 2024-02) Sperber, Jacob; Owolo, Edwin; Zachem, Tanner J; Bishop, Brandon; Johnson, Eli; Lad, Eleonora M; Goodwin, C RoryPerioperative vision loss (POVL) is a devastating surgical complication that impacts both the recovery from surgery and quality of life, most commonly occurring after spine surgery. With rates of spine surgery dramatically increasing, the prevalence of POVL will increase proportionately. This scoping review aims to aggregate the literature pertinent to POVL in spine surgery and consolidate recommendations and preventative measures to reduce the risk of POVL. There are several causes of POVL, and the main contribution following spine surgery is ischemic optic neuropathy (ION). Vision loss often manifests immediately following surgery and is irreversible and severe. Diffusion weighted imaging has recently surfaced as a diagnostic tool to identify ION. There are no effective treatments; therefore, risk stratification for counseling and prevention are vital. Patients undergoing prone surgery of long duration and/or with significant expected blood loss are at greatest risk. Future research is necessary to develop effective treatments.