Browsing by Subject "immunization"

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    Neonatal Rhesus Macaques Have Distinct Immune Cell Transcriptional Profiles following HIV Envelope Immunization.
    (Cell reports, 2020-02) Han, Qifeng; Bradley, Todd; Williams, Wilton B; Cain, Derek W; Montefiori, David C; Saunders, Kevin O; Parks, Robert J; Edwards, Regina W; Ferrari, Guido; Mueller, Olaf; Shen, Xiaoying; Wiehe, Kevin J; Reed, Steven; Fox, Christopher B; Rountree, Wes; Vandergrift, Nathan A; Wang, Yunfei; Sutherland, Laura L; Santra, Sampa; Moody, M Anthony; Permar, Sallie R; Tomaras, Georgia D; Lewis, Mark G; Van Rompay, Koen KA; Haynes, Barton F
    HIV-1-infected infants develop broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) more rapidly than adults, suggesting differences in the neonatal versus adult responses to the HIV-1 envelope (Env). Here, trimeric forms of HIV-1 Env immunogens elicit increased gp120- and gp41-specific antibodies more rapidly in neonatal macaques than adult macaques. Transcriptome analyses of neonatal versus adult immune cells after Env vaccination reveal that neonatal macaques have higher levels of the apoptosis regulator BCL2 in T cells and lower levels of the immunosuppressive interleukin-10 (IL-10) receptor alpha (IL10RA) mRNA transcripts in T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and monocytes. In addition, immunized neonatal macaques exhibit increased frequencies of activated blood T follicular helper-like (Tfh) cells compared to adults. Thus, neonatal macaques have transcriptome signatures of decreased immunosuppression and apoptosis compared with adult macaques, providing an immune landscape conducive to early-life immunization prior to sexual debut.
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    ItemOpen Access
    Reporting the Shots: Exploring Barriers and Facilitators in Pediatric Vaccine Reporting
    (2023-04-19) Israelsen-Hartley, Sara
    For 30 years, the Vaccines for Children (VFC) Program has ensured low-income children have access to vaccines, leading to millions of illnesses averted, hundreds of thousands of deaths avoided and billions of dollars in health savings. Yet policy, technology and personnel gaps allow many VFC vaccines to remain unreported to a jurisdiction’s immunization information system (IIS). This study identified potential barriers and facilitators to IIS reporting among VFC providers through in-depth, qualitative interviews with pediatric healthcare workers across four reporting-mandated, but historically under-reporting states: Colorado, Connecticut, Maryland, and Massachusetts. The study also highlighted COVID-19 influences on provider IIS reporting.