Browsing by Subject "race and ethnicity"

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    Racial and Ethnic Differences in Treatment and Outcomes of Severe Aortic Stenosis: A Review.
    (JACC. Cardiovascular interventions, 2020-01) Wilson, Jimica B; Jackson, Larry R; Ugowe, Francis E; Jones, Terrell; Yankey, George SA; Marts, Colin; Thomas, Kevin L
    Aortic stenosis (AS) is among the most common valvular heart diseases encountered in the United States. In this review the authors examine differences between racial and ethnic groups in the epidemiology and management of severe AS, explore potential explanations for these findings, and discuss the implications for improving the delivery of care to racially and ethnically diverse populations. Underrepresented racial and ethnic groups experience a paradoxically lower prevalence or incidence of AS relative to white subjects, despite having a higher prevalence of traditional risk factors. Historically, UREGs with severe AS have had lower rates of both surgical and transcatheter aortic valve replacement and experienced more post-surgical complications, including, bleeding, worsening heart failure, and rehospitalization. Last, UREGs with severe AS have an increased risk for morbidity and mortality relative to white patients. To date much of the research on AS has examined black-white differences, so there is a need to understand how other racial and ethnic groups with severe AS are diagnosed and treated, with examination of their resulting outcomes. Overall, racial and ethnic disparities in health care access and care delivery are a public health concern given the changing demographics of the U.S. population. These differences in AS management and outcomes highlight the need for additional research into contributing factors and appropriate interventions to address the lower rates of aortic valve replacement and higher morbidity and mortality among UREGs.
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    The Role of Gender and Race/Ethnicity in Environmental Identity Development through Duke Undergraduate Students’ Narrative
    (2019-05-06) Miao, Ruolin
    Recent work in environmental psychology and environmental education emphasizes environmental identity as important in predicting a broad array of environmental behaviors. However, there are gaps in our understanding of how other identities interact with environmental identity. We addressed this gap by conducting semi-structured interviews with 30 undergraduate students from diverse backgrounds at Duke University. Our interviews supported the hypothesis that gender and race/ethnicity affect the development of Duke undergraduate students’ environmental identity by differentially influencing (1) significant life experiences (SLE) with nature and (2) social influences on environmental identity. In particular, we found that ethnicity shaped travel experiences to different environments, gender and race impacted relationships with mentors, gender stereotypes limited potential SLE in nature, and female-identification resulted in physical constraints to environmental activity. Other themes that emerged included the effects of socio-economic status on SLE in nature and nature as a source of empowerment for gender and racial minorities. Our work suggests more research is needed on the interplay among different identities and environmental identity, and that more work is needed to make the environmental field inclusive for all.