Browsing by Subject "self-regulation"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Fraud: An American History from Barnum to Madoff
    (2017-02-01) Balleisen, EJ
    Economic duplicity has bedeviled American markets from the founding of the Republic. This wide-ranging history emphasizes the enduring connections between capitalist innovation and business fraud, as well as the vexed efforts by private organizations and state agencies to curb the worst economic deceptions. Placing recent fraud scandals in long-term context, the book argues that we rely solely on a policy of caveat emptor at our peril; and that a mixture of public education, sensible disclosure rules, and targeted enforcement campaigns can contain the problem of business fraud.
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    Revising a Self-Regulation Phenotype for Depression Through Individual Differences in Macroscale Brain Organization.
    (Current directions in psychological science, 2023-08) Strauman, Timothy J; Hariri, Ahmad R
    Self-regulation denotes the processes by which people initiate, maintain, and control their own thoughts, behaviors, or emotions to produce a desired outcome or avoid an undesired outcome. Self-regulation brings the influence of distal factors such as biology, temperament, and socialization history onto cognition, motivation, and behavior. Dysfunction in self-regulation represents a contributory causal factor for psychopathology. Accordingly, we previously proposed a risk phenotype model for depression drawing from regulatory focus theory and traditional task-based fMRI studies. In this article, we revise and expand our risk phenotype model using insights from new methodologies allowing quantification of individual differences in task-free macroscale brain organization. We offer a set of hypotheses as examples of how examination of intrinsic macroscale brain organization can extend and enrich investigations of self-regulation and depression. In doing so, we hope to promote a useful heuristic for model development and for identifying transdiagnostic risk phenotypes in psychopathology.
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    Self-system therapy for distress associated with persistent low back pain: A randomized clinical trial.
    (Psychother Res, 2016-07) Waters, Sandra J; Strauman, Timothy J; McKee, Daphne C; Campbell, Lisa C; Shelby, Rebecca A; Dixon, Kim E; Fras, Anne Marie; Keefe, Francis J
    OBJECTIVE: Persistent low back pain (PLBP) is associated with vulnerability to depression. PLBP frequently requires major changes in occupation and lifestyle, which can lead to a sense of failing to attain one's personal goals (self-discrepancy). METHOD: We conducted a clinical trial to examine the efficacy of self-system therapy (SST), a brief structured therapy for depression based on self-discrepancy theory. A total of 101 patients with PLBP and clinically significant depressive symptoms were randomized either to SST, pain education, or standard care. RESULTS: Patients receiving SST showed significantly greater improvement in depressive symptoms. Reduction in self-discrepancy predicted reduction in depressive symptoms only within the SST condition. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the utility of SST for individuals facing persistent pain and associated depression.
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    Treatment of Depression From a Self-Regulation Perspective: Basic Concepts and Applied Strategies in Self-System Therapy.
    (Cognit Ther Res, 2017-02) Strauman, Timothy J; Eddington, Kari M
    Self-regulation models of psychopathology provide a theory-based, empirically supported framework for developing psychotherapeutic interventions that complement and extend current cognitive-behavioral models. However, many clinicians are only minimally familiar with the psychology of self-regulation. The aim of the present manuscript is twofold. First, we provide an overview of self-regulation as a motivational process essential to well-being and introduce two related theories of self-regulation which have been applied to depression. Second, we describe how self-regulatory concepts and processes from those two theories have been translated into psychosocial interventions, focusing specifically on self-system therapy (SST), a brief structured treatment for depression that targets personal goal pursuit. Two randomized controlled trials have shown that SST is superior to cognitive therapy for depressed clients with specific self-regulatory deficits, and both studies found evidence that SST works in part by restoring adaptive self-regulation. Self-regulation-based psychotherapeutic approaches to depression hold significant promise for enhancing treatment efficacy and ultimately may provide an individualizable framework for treatment planning.