Browsing by Subject "urology"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    Expert Panel Recommendations on Lower Urinary Tract Health of Women Across Their Life Span.
    (J Womens Health (Larchmt), 2016-11) Losada, Liliana; Amundsen, Cindy L; Ashton-Miller, James; Chai, Toby; Close, Clare; Damaser, Margot; DiSanto, Michael; Dmochowski, Roger; Fraser, Matthew O; Kielb, Stephanie J; Kuchel, George; Mueller, Elizabeth R; Parker-Autry, Candace; Wolfe, Alan J; Mallampalli, Monica P
    Urologic and kidney problems are common in women across their life span and affect their daily life, including physical activity, sexual relations, social life, and future health. Urological health in women is still understudied and the underlying mechanisms of female urological dysfunctions are not fully understood. The Society for Women's Health Research (SWHR(®)) recognized the need to have a roundtable discussion where researchers and clinicians would define the current state of knowledge, gaps, and recommendations for future research directions to transform women's urological health. This report summarizes the discussions, which focused on epidemiology, clinical presentation, basic science, prevention strategies, and efficacy of current therapies. Experts around the table agreed on a set of research, education, and policy recommendations that have the potential to dramatically increase awareness and improve women's urological health at all stages of life.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ItemOpen Access
    NLRP3/IL-1β mediates denervation during bladder outlet obstruction in rats.
    (Neurourology and urodynamics, 2018-03) Lütolf, Robin; Hughes, Francis M; Inouye, Brian M; Jin, Huixia; McMains, Jennifer C; Pak, Elena S; Hannan, Johanna L; Purves, J Todd
    Denervation of the bladder is a detrimental consequence of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). We have previously shown that, during BOO, inflammation triggered by the NLRP3 inflammasome in the urothelia mediates physiological bladder dysfunction and downstream fibrosis in rats. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of NLRP3-mediated inflammation on bladder denervation during BOO.There were five groups of rats: (i) Control (no surgery); (ii) Sham-operated; (iii) BOO rats given vehicle; (iv) BOO rats given the NLRP3 inhibitor glyburide; and (v) BOO rats given the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra. BOO was constructed by ligating the urethra over a 1 mm catheter and removing the catheter. Medications were given prior to surgery and once daily for 12 days. Bladder sections were stained for PGP9.5, a pan-neuronal marker. Whole transverse sections were used to identify and count nerves while assessing cross-sectional area. For in vitro studies, pelvic ganglion neurons were isolated and treated with IL-1β. After a 48 h incubation apoptosis, neurite length and branching were assessed.In obstructed bladders, the number of nerves decreased while total area increased, indicating a loss of cell number and/or branching. The decrease in nerve density was blocked by glyburide or anakinra, clearly implicating the NLRP3 pathway in denervation. In vitro analysis demonstrated that IL-1β, a product of the inflammasome, induced apoptosis in pelvic ganglion neurons, suggesting one mechanism of BOO-induced denervation is NLRP3/IL-1β triggered apoptosis.The NLRP3/IL-1β-mediated inflammation pathway plays a significant role in denervation during BOO.