Browsing by Title
Now showing items 14735-14754 of 20727
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R & D-based growth models with transitional dynamics: Evidence from OECD countries
(2017)Our study quantifies the impact of research and development (R&D) spending on technological progress, and hence on economic growth following the hypothesis that the second-generation growth theory best describes the data ... -
R Markdown: Integrating A Reproducible Analysis Tool into Introductory Statistics
(Technology Innovations in Statistics Education, 2014)Nolan and Temple Lang argue that “the ability to express statistical computations is an es- sential skill.” A key related capacity is the ability to conduct and present data analysis in a way that another person can understand ... -
R&D costs and returns by therapeutic category
(Drug Information Journal, 2004-09-03)Objectives: This study examines the degree to which therapeutic class accounts for variability in drug development costs. It also scrutinizes how sales levels vary across the associated therapeutic classes for those drugs ... -
R&D Costs and Returns to New Drug Development: A Review of the Evidence
(The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of the Biopharmaceutical Industry, 2012-09-18)© 2012 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.This article reviews the extensive literature on R&D costs and returns. The first section focuses on R&D costs and the various factors that have affected the trends ... -
R&d Costs, Innovative Output and Firm Size in the Pharmaceutical Industry
(International Journal of the Economics of Business, 1995-01-01)This study examines the relationships between firm size, R&D costs and output in the pharmaceutical industry. Project-level data from a survey of 12 US-owned pharmaceutical firms on drug development costs, development phase ... -
R&D Incentives For Neglected Diseases - The Impact Of Firm Characteristics On New Product Development
(2011-04-18)Although neglected diseases of developing countries are beginning to receive more attention from companies because of rising interest in corporate social responsibility and government incentive policies, the allocation of ... -
R&D Tax Incentives: How Does The US Compare?
(2013-04-18) -
R5 clade C SHIV strains with tier 1 or 2 neutralization sensitivity: tools to dissect env evolution and to develop AIDS vaccines in primate models.
(PLoS One, 2010-07-21)BACKGROUND: HIV-1 clade C (HIV-C) predominates worldwide, and anti-HIV-C vaccines are urgently needed. Neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses are considered important but have proved difficult to elicit. Although some current ... -
Rab4 and Rab10 Oppositely Regulate AMPA Receptors Exocytosis and Structural Plasticity in Single Dendritic Spines
(2016)Membrane trafficking in dendritic spines is critical for regulating the number of channels and spine structure during synaptic plasticity. Here I report two small Rab GTPases, Rab4 and Rab10, oppositely regulate AMPA receptors ... -
Race and Consumption: Black and White Disparities in Household Spending
(Sociology of Race and Ethnicity, 2016-05-09)Differences in consumption patterns are usually treated as a matter of preferences. In this article, the authors examine consumption from a structural perspective and argue that black households face unique constraints ... -
Race and Consumption: Consumer Markets and the Production of Racial Inequality
(2017)Racial economic inequality is a major social concern in the United States. Sociological research on the issue has focused primarily on understanding disparities in the process of earning income and accumulating wealth. Much ... -
Race and Conversion in Late Medieval England
(2009)Despite general consensus among scholars that race in the West is an early modern phenomenon that dates to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, late medieval English texts of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries expend ... -
Race and Pollution Correlation as Predictor of Environmental Injustice
(2013-04-15)Environmental injustice is a theory that claims distributions of toxic, hazardous and dangerous waste facilities are disproportionately located in low-income communities of color. This paper empirically demonstrates ... -
Race and Sex Differences in QRS Interval and Associated Outcome Among Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction.
(J Am Heart Assoc, 2017-03-20)BACKGROUND: Prolonged QRS duration is associated with increased mortality among heart failure patients, but race or sex differences in QRS duration and associated effect on outcomes are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: ... -
Race and Space: The Afro-Brazilian Role in the Urban Development of Vila Rica, Minas Gerais (1711-1750)
(2018)This dissertation considers the role of Afro-Brazilians in the urban formation of Vila Rica—a Brazilian mining town in Minas Gerais—from its creation in 1711 to the solidification of its urban form around 1750. During this ... -
Race Comparisons on Need for Achievement: A Meta-Analytic Alternative to Graham’s Narrative Review
(Review of Educational Research, 1995-01-01)A box score review conducted by Graham (1994) concluded that no difference existed between Blacks and Whites on measures of need for achievement. A meta-analysis reported in this article using the same research base revealed ... -
Race disparity in grants: check the citations.
(Science (New York, N.Y.), 2011-11) -
Race, Class, Poverty, and Social Capital Inequality in Urban Disasters
(2015)AbstractThis dissertation is a case study of processes of inequality in disaster response in neighborhoods recently devastated by natural disaster. The context is New York City beginning from the immediate aftermath of Superstorm ... -
Race, Gender and Perceived Barriers: How Beliefs About the Opportunity Structure Shape Postsecondary Pathways
(2020)Despite the positive benefits of higher education and policy efforts to reduce barriers, opportunities for college access are still not equitably distributed (Perna 2006). An overwhelming body of research reveals several ...
