Browsing by Author "Burke, Thomas W"
Now showing items 1-20 of 25
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A blood-based host gene expression assay for early detection of respiratory viral infection: an index-cluster prospective cohort study.
(The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2020-09-24)BACKGROUND:Early and accurate identification of individuals with viral infections is crucial for clinical management and public health interventions. We aimed to assess the ability of transcriptomic biomarkers to identify ... -
A comparison of host response strategies to distinguish bacterial and viral infection.
(PloS one, 2021-01)<h4>Objectives</h4>Compare three host response strategies to distinguish bacterial and viral etiologies of acute respiratory illness (ARI).<h4>Methods</h4>In this observational cohort study, procalcitonin, a 3-protein panel ... -
A host gene expression approach for identifying triggers of asthma exacerbations.
(PloS one, 2019-01)RATIONALE:Asthma exacerbations often occur due to infectious triggers, but determining whether infection is present and whether it is bacterial or viral remains clinically challenging. A diagnostic strategy that clarifies ... -
A miRNA Host Response Signature Accurately Discriminates Acute Respiratory Infection Etiologies.
(Frontiers in microbiology, 2018-01)Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are the leading indication for antibacterial prescriptions despite a viral etiology in the majority of cases. The lack of available diagnostics to discriminate viral and bacterial ... -
An atlas connecting shared genetic architecture of human diseases and molecular phenotypes provides insight into COVID-19 susceptibility.
(Genome medicine, 2021-05)<h4>Background</h4>While genome-wide associations studies (GWAS) have successfully elucidated the genetic architecture of complex human traits and diseases, understanding mechanisms that lead from genetic variation ... -
Assessment of the Feasibility of Using Noninvasive Wearable Biometric Monitoring Sensors to Detect Influenza and the Common Cold Before Symptom Onset.
(JAMA network open, 2021-09)<h4>Importance</h4>Currently, there are no presymptomatic screening methods to identify individuals infected with a respiratory virus to prevent disease spread and to predict their trajectory for resource allocation.<h4>... -
Blood RNA alternative splicing events as diagnostic biomarkers for infectious disease
(Cell Reports Methods, 2023-01-01)Assays detecting blood transcriptome changes are studied for infectious disease diagnosis. Blood-based RNA alternative splicing (AS) events, which have not been well characterized in pathogen infection, have potential ... -
Chromatin remodeling in peripheral blood cells reflects COVID-19 symptom severity.
(bioRxiv, 2020-12-05)SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers highly variable host responses and causes varying degrees of illness in humans. We sought to harness the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) response over the course of illness to provide ... -
COVID-19 Diagnosis and SARS-CoV-2 Strain Identification by a Rapid, Multiplexed, Point-of-Care Antibody Microarray.
(Analytical chemistry, 2023-03)Antigen tests to detect SARS-CoV-2 have emerged as a promising rapid diagnostic method for COVID-19, but they are unable to differentiate between variants of concern (VOCs). Here, we report a rapid point-of-care test (POC-T), ... -
Differential chromatin accessibility in peripheral blood mononuclear cells underlies COVID-19 disease severity prior to seroconversion.
(Scientific reports, 2022-07-09)SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profound and variable immune responses in human hosts. Chromatin remodeling has been observed in individuals severely ill or convalescing with COVID-19, but chromatin remodeling early in disease ... -
Differential chromatin accessibility in peripheral blood mononuclear cells underlies COVID-19 disease severity prior to seroconversion.
(Res Sq, 2022-04-07)SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers profound and variable immune responses in human hosts. Chromatin remodeling has been observed in individuals severely ill or convalescing with COVID-19, but chromatin remodeling early in disease ... -
Direct-from-blood RNA sequencing identifies the cause of post-bronchoscopy fever.
(BMC infectious diseases, 2019-10-28)BACKGROUND:Antibiotic resistance is rising at disturbing rates and contributes to the deaths of millions of people yearly. Antibiotic resistant infections disproportionately affect those with immunocompromising conditions, ... -
Discriminating Bacterial and Viral Infection Using a Rapid Host Gene Expression Test.
(Critical care medicine, 2021-10)<h4>Objectives</h4>Host gene expression signatures discriminate bacterial and viral infection but have not been translated to a clinical test platform. This study enrolled an independent cohort of patients to describe and ... -
Dysregulated transcriptional responses to SARS-CoV-2 in the periphery support novel diagnostic approaches.
(medRxiv, 2020-07-26)In order to elucidate novel aspects of the host response to SARS-CoV-2 we performed RNA sequencing on peripheral blood samples across 77 timepoints from 46 subjects with COVID-19 and compared them to subjects with seasonal ... -
Dysregulated transcriptional responses to SARS-CoV-2 in the periphery.
(Nature communications, 2021-02-17)SARS-CoV-2 infection has been shown to trigger a wide spectrum of immune responses and clinical manifestations in human hosts. Here, we sought to elucidate novel aspects of the host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection through ... -
Mucosal Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cell Responses Differ by Sex in COVID-19.
(Med (New York, N.Y.), 2021-04-13)Sexual dimorphisms in immune responses contribute to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, yet the mechanisms governing this disparity remain incompletely understood. We carried out sex-balanced sampling of peripheral ... -
Nasopharyngeal Protein Biomarkers of Acute Respiratory Virus Infection.
(EBioMedicine, 2017-03)Infection of respiratory mucosa with viral pathogens triggers complex immunologic events in the affected host. We sought to characterize this response through proteomic analysis of nasopharyngeal lavage in human subjects ... -
Previously Derived Host Gene Expression Classifiers Identify Bacterial and Viral Etiologies of Acute Febrile Respiratory Illness in a South Asian Population.
(Open forum infectious diseases, 2020-06)Background:Pathogen-based diagnostics for acute respiratory infection (ARI) have limited ability to detect etiology of illness. We previously showed that peripheral blood-based host gene expression classifiers accurately ... -
Prospective Validation of a Rapid Host Gene Expression Test to Discriminate Bacterial From Viral Respiratory Infection.
(JAMA network open, 2022-04)<h4>Importance</h4>Bacterial and viral causes of acute respiratory illness (ARI) are difficult to clinically distinguish, resulting in the inappropriate use of antibacterial therapy. The use of a host gene expression-based ... -
Rapid, Sample-to-Answer Host Gene Expression Test to Diagnose Viral Infection
(Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2019-11-01)<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Distinguishing bacterial, viral, or other etiologies of acute illness is diagnostically ...
