Browsing by Author "Sullivan, Beth A"
Now showing items 1-16 of 16
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A genetic memory initiates the epigenetic loop necessary to preserve centromere position.
(The EMBO journal, 2020-10)Centromeres are built on repetitive DNA sequences (CenDNA) and a specific chromatin enriched with the histone H3 variant CENP-A, the epigenetic mark that identifies centromere position. Here, we interrogate the importance ... -
Alpha satellite DNA biology: finding function in the recesses of the genome.
(Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology, 2018-09)Repetitive DNA, formerly referred to by the misnomer "junk DNA," comprises a majority of the human genome. One class of this DNA, alpha satellite, comprises up to 10% of the genome. Alpha satellite is enriched at all human ... -
Functional epialleles at an endogenous human centromere.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2012-08-21)Human centromeres are defined by megabases of homogenous alpha-satellite DNA arrays that are packaged into specialized chromatin marked by the centromeric histone variant, centromeric protein A (CENP-A). Although most human ... -
Genomic and functional variation of human centromeres.
(Experimental cell research, 2020-04)Centromeres are central to chromosome segregation and genome stability, and thus their molecular foundations are important for understanding their function and the ways in which they go awry. Human centromeres typically ... -
Genomic size of CENP-A domain is proportional to total alpha satellite array size at human centromeres and expands in cancer cells.
(Chromosome Res, 2011-05)Human centromeres contain multi-megabase-sized arrays of alpha satellite DNA, a family of satellite DNA repeats based on a tandemly arranged 171 bp monomer. The centromere-specific histone protein CENP-A is assembled on ... -
Genomic variation within alpha satellite DNA influences centromere location on human chromosomes with metastable epialleles.
(Genome Res, 2016-10)Alpha satellite is a tandemly organized type of repetitive DNA that comprises 5% of the genome and is found at all human centromeres. A defined number of 171-bp monomers are organized into chromosome-specific higher-order ... -
Going the distance: Neocentromeres make long-range contacts with heterochromatin.
(The Journal of cell biology, 2019-01)Neocentromeres are ectopic centromeres that form at noncanonical, usually nonrepetitive, genomic locations. Nishimura et al. (2019. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201805003) explore the three-dimensional architecture ... -
Histone modifications within the human X centromere region.
(PLoS One, 2009-08-12)Human centromeres are multi-megabase regions of highly ordered arrays of alpha satellite DNA that are separated from chromosome arms by unordered alpha satellite monomers and other repetitive elements. Complexities in assembling ... -
Hybrid de novo genome assembly and centromere characterization of the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus).
(BMC biology, 2017-11-16)The de novo assembly of repeat-rich mammalian genomes using only high-throughput short read sequencing data typically results in highly fragmented genome assemblies that limit downstream applications. Here, we present an ... -
Inheritance of the CENP-A chromatin domain is spatially and temporally constrained at human centromeres.
(Epigenetics Chromatin, 2016)BACKGROUND: Chromatin containing the histone variant CENP-A (CEN chromatin) exists as an essential domain at every centromere and heritably marks the location of kinetochore assembly. The size of the CEN chromatin domain ... -
MYC activity mitigates response to rapamycin in prostate cancer through eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1-mediated inhibition of autophagy.
(Cancer Res, 2009-10-01)Loss of PTEN and activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase are commonly observed in advanced prostate cancer. Inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a downstream target of phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling, ... -
Nucleolar organization, ribosomal DNA array stability, and acrocentric chromosome integrity are linked to telomere function.
(PLoS One, 2014)The short arms of the ten acrocentric human chromosomes share several repetitive DNAs, including ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA). The rDNA arrays correspond to nucleolar organizing regions that coalesce each cell cycle to form ... -
Telomere disruption results in non-random formation of de novo dicentric chromosomes involving acrocentric human chromosomes.
(PLoS Genet, 2010-08-12)Genome rearrangement often produces chromosomes with two centromeres (dicentrics) that are inherently unstable because of bridge formation and breakage during cell division. However, mammalian dicentrics, and particularly ... -
Telomere-to-telomere assembly of a complete human X chromosome.
(Nature, 2020-09)After two decades of improvements, the current human reference genome (GRCh38) is the most accurate and complete vertebrate genome ever produced. However, no single chromosome has been finished end to end, and hundreds of ... -
The new year for chromosome research: a change of guard amidst a shifting scientific landscape and global pandemic.
(Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology, 2021-06) -
The past, present, and future of human centromere genomics.
(Genes (Basel), 2014-01-24)The centromere is the chromosomal locus essential for chromosome inheritance and genome stability. Human centromeres are located at repetitive alpha satellite DNA arrays that compose approximately 5% of the genome. Contiguous ...
