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Browsing by Department "Neurobiology"
Now showing items 1-20 of 122
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A Data-Driven Approach to Uncovering the Neural Dynamics of Anxiety
(2022)Anxiety is a behavioral state induced by low-threat, uncertain situations in which perceived danger is diffuse. The anxiety state is then accompanied by increased vigilance and risk assessment to one’s surroundings. Recent ... -
A Genetic Analysis of the MicroRNA miR-133b in the Mammalian Nervous System
(2011)The development and function of the nervous system relies on complex regulation of gene expression programs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that have diverse functions in mammalian development and disease. In concert ... -
A Pathway from the Midbrain to the Striatum is Critical to Multiple Forms of Vocal Learning and Modification in the Songbird
(2017)Many of the skills we value most as humans, such as speech and learning to play musical instruments, are learned in the absence of external reinforcement. However, the model systems most commonly used to study motor learning ... -
A Shared Neural Substrate for Diverse General Anesthetics and Sleep
(2019)Ever since the initial discovery of general anesthetics almost 170 years ago, how general anesthesia (GA) induces loss of consciousness remains a century-long mystery. In addition, whether diverse anesthetic drugs and sleep ... -
A Study of Extracting Information from Neuronal Ensemble Activity and Sending Information to the Brain Using Microstimulation in Two Experimental Models: Bipedal Locomotion in Rhesus Macaques and Instructed Reaching Movements in Owl Monkeys
(2009)The loss of the ability to walk as the result of neurological injury or disease critically impacts the mobility and everyday lifestyle of millions. The World Heath Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately 1% of the ... -
A Three-Molecule Model of Structural Plasticity: the Role of the Rho family GTPases in Local Biochemical Computation in Dendrites
(2015)It has long been appreciated that the process of learning might invoke a physical change in the brain, establishing a lasting trace of experience. Recent evidence has revealed that this change manifests, at least in part, ... -
Alteration of Golgi Apparatus Ion Homeostasis in Cellular and Mouse Models of Angelman Syndrome
(2009)Ube3a is a HECT domain E3 ubiquitin ligase originally recognized for its role in degrading p53 in the presence of the human papilloma virus protein E6. Loss of maternal Ube3a expression causes Angelman syndrome, a severe ... -
Amyloid Precursor Protein-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms in Hypoxia-Induced Axonopathy
(2012)Hypoxia is a profound stressor of the central nervous system implicated in numerous neurodegenerative diseases. While it is increasingly evident that the early effects of hypoxia cause impairment at the level of the axon, ... -
An Actor-Critic Circuit in the Songbird Enables Vocal Learning
(2020)The ability to learn and to modify complex vocal sequences requires extensive practice coupled with performance evaluation through auditory feedback. An efficient solution to the challenge of vocal learning, stemming from ... -
An electrophysiological basis for human memory
(2022)Memory is a fundamentally important process that guides our future behavior based on past experience. Its importance is underscored by the fact that a major feature of many neurodegenerative disorders is memory loss, which ... -
Analysis of Purkinje Cell Responses in the Oculomotor Vermis during the Execution of Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements
(2016)Smooth pursuit eye movements are movements of the eyes that are used to foveate moving objects. Their precision and adaptation is believed to depend on a constellation of sites across the cerebellum, but only one region’s ... -
Assessing Nucleocytoplasmic transport in Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 7
(2021)AbstractSCA7 is an autosomal dominant CAG/polyglutamine trinucleotide repeat expansion disease that accounts for ~4% of all spinocerebellar ataxias in the USA. In addition to atrophy of the cerebellar cortex and brainstem, ... -
BDNF-TrkB Signaling in Single-Spine Structural Plasticity
(2016)Multiple lines of evidence reveal that activation of the tropomyosin related kinase B (TrkB) receptor is a critical molecular mechanism underlying status epilepticus (SE) induced epilepsy development. However, the cellular ... -
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Retinal Neuron Spatial Patterning
(2019)During development, cell-cell recognition events mediate crucial steps in the formation of organized cellular patterns critical for tissue function. In the nervous system, cell recognition cues guide migrating neurons during ... -
Cellular Mechanism of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
(2015)Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a devastating illness that afflicts around 2% of the world's population with recurrent distressing thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive ritualistic behaviors (compulsions). ... -
Characterizing antipsychotic behavioral and corticostriatal neurophysiological effects to psychotomimetic challenge
(2022)Schizophrenia is marked by significant disruptions to dopaminergic signaling across the mesolimbic and mesocortical circuits. Antipsychotic drugs have been largely unsuccessfully treating cognitive symptoms that debilitate ... -
Chromatin-based Reprogramming of Courtship Regulators With Social Experience
(2021)Organisms are presented with a wide variety of environmental stimuli and must interpret and respond to these cues in to perform a wide variety of behaviors, such as foraging, mating, fleeing, and fighting. The ability of ... -
Circuitry and Genes of Larval Nociception in Drosophila Melanogaster
(2009)Pain is defined by the international association of pain as an "unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage". Most people have experienced ... -
Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of Contextual Influences on Consumer Choice
(2019)Financial decision-making in a complex and dynamic world poses many challenges including which information to use, how to filter out distractions, and how to arrive at a decision strategy that balances effort and accuracy ... -
Component Neural Networks of Morality
(2015)Moral cognition represents a foundational faculty of the human species. Our sense of morality develops beginning at a very young age, and its dysfunction can lead to devastating mental disorders. Given its central importance, ...
