Browsing by Subject "Adaptation, Physiological"
Now showing items 1-20 of 21
-
A cerebellar learning model of vestibulo-ocular reflex adaptation in wild-type and mutant mice.
(The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2014-05)Mechanisms of cerebellar motor learning are still poorly understood. The standard Marr-Albus-Ito theory posits that learning involves plasticity at the parallel fiber to Purkinje cell synapses under control of the climbing ... -
A widespread chromosomal inversion polymorphism contributes to a major life-history transition, local adaptation, and reproductive isolation.
(PLoS Biol, 2010-09-28)The role of chromosomal inversions in adaptation and speciation is controversial. Historically, inversions were thought to contribute to these processes either by directly causing hybrid sterility or by facilitating the ... -
Caulobacter crescentus Adapts to Phosphate Starvation by Synthesizing Anionic Glycoglycerolipids and a Novel Glycosphingolipid.
(mBio, 2019-04-02)Caulobacter crescentus adapts to phosphate starvation by elongating its cell body and a polar stalk structure. The stalk is an extension of the Gram-negative envelope containing inner and outer membranes as well ... -
Comparative genomics reveals insights into avian genome evolution and adaptation.
(Science, 2014-12-12)Birds are the most species-rich class of tetrapod vertebrates and have wide relevance across many research fields. We explored bird macroevolution using full genomes from 48 avian species representing all major extant clades. ... -
Effects of polymorphism for locally adapted genes on rates of neutral introgression in structured populations.
(Theoretical population biology, 2011-09)Adaptation to local conditions within demes balanced by migration can maintain polymorphisms for variants that reduce fitness in certain ecological contexts. Here, we address the effects of such polymorphisms on the rate ... -
Evaluating functional network inference using simulations of complex biological systems.
(Bioinformatics, 2002)MOTIVATION: Although many network inference algorithms have been presented in the bioinformatics literature, no suitable approach has been formulated for evaluating their effectiveness at recovering models of complex biological ... -
Experimental evidence that phenotypic divergence in predators drives community divergence in prey.
(Ecology, 2009-02)Studies of adaptive divergence have traditionally focused on the ecological causes of trait diversification, while the ecological consequences of phenotypic divergence remain relatively unexplored. Divergence in predator ... -
Freezing behaviour facilitates bioelectric crypsis in cuttlefish faced with predation risk.
(Proc Biol Sci, 2015-12-07)Cephalopods, and in particular the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis, are common models for studies of camouflage and predator avoidance behaviour. Preventing detection by predators is especially important to this group of animals, ... -
Increased labor losses and decreased adaptation potential in a warmer world.
(Nature communications, 2021-12)Working in hot and potentially humid conditions creates health and well-being risks that will increase as the planet warms. It has been proposed that workers could adapt to increasing temperatures by moving labor from midday ... -
Increased renal dopamine and acute renal adaptation to a high-phosphate diet.
(American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2011-05)The current experiments explore the role of dopamine in facilitating the acute increase in renal phosphate excretion in response to a high-phosphate diet. Compared with a low-phosphate (0.1%) diet for 24 h, mice ... -
Kinematic and dynamic gait compensations in a rat model of lumbar radiculopathy and the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonism.
(Arthritis research & therapy, 2011-08-26)Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) has received significant attention as a mediator of lumbar radiculopathy, with interest in TNF antagonism to treat radiculopathy. Prior studies have demonstrated that TNF antagonists can attenuate ... -
Kinematic and dynamic gait compensations resulting from knee instability in a rat model of osteoarthritis.
(Arthritis Res Ther, 2012-04-17)INTRODUCTION: Osteoarthritis (OA) results in pain and disability; however, preclinical OA models often focus on joint-level changes. Gait analysis is one method used to evaluate both preclinical OA models and OA patients. ... -
Living with long-term consequences: Experience of follow-up care and support needs among Asian long-term colorectal cancer survivors.
(Psycho-oncology, 2020-10)<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aimed to provide an in-depth exploration of follow-up care experiences and supportive care needs in long-term colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors within multiethnic Asian communities.<h4>Metho... -
Monte Carlo methods for localization of cones given multielectrode retinal ganglion cell recordings.
(Network (Bristol, England), 2013-01)It has recently become possible to identify cone photoreceptors in primate retina from multi-electrode recordings of ganglion cell spiking driven by visual stimuli of sufficiently high spatial resolution. In this paper we ... -
Mutation accumulation may be a minor force in shaping life history traits.
(PLoS One, 2012)Is senescence the adaptive result of tradeoffs between younger and older ages or the nonadaptive burden of deleterious mutations that act at older ages? To shed new light on this unresolved question we combine adaptive and ... -
Neuronal adaptation caused by sequential visual stimulation in the frontal eye field.
(J Neurophysiol, 2008-10)Images on the retina can change drastically in only a few milliseconds. A robust description of visual temporal processing is therefore necessary to understand visual analysis in the real world. To this end, we studied subsecond ... -
Neuronal correlates of visual time perception at brief timescales.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2013-01-22)Successful interaction with the world depends on accurate perception of the timing of external events. Neurons at early stages of the primate visual system represent time-varying stimuli with high precision. However, it ... -
Olfactory Receptor Subgenomes Linked with Broad Ecological Adaptations in Sauropsida.
(Mol Biol Evol, 2015-11)Olfactory receptors (ORs) govern a prime sensory function. Extant birds have distinct olfactory abilities, but the molecular mechanisms underlining diversification and specialization remain mostly unknown. We explored OR ... -
Patterns of Song across Natural and Anthropogenic Soundscapes Suggest That White-Crowned Sparrows Minimize Acoustic Masking and Maximize Signal Content.
(PloS one, 2016-01)Soundscapes pose both evolutionarily recent and long-standing sources of selection on acoustic communication. We currently know more about the impact of evolutionarily recent human-generated noise on communication than we ... -
Prolactin receptor signaling is essential for perinatal brown adipocyte function: a role for insulin-like growth factor-2.
(PLoS One, 2008-02-06)BACKGROUND: The lactogenic hormones prolactin (PRL) and placental lactogens (PL) play central roles in reproduction and mammary development. Their actions are mediated via binding to PRL receptor (PRLR), highly expressed ...
