Browsing by Subject "Brain"
Now showing items 1-20 of 167
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16-Channel biphasic current-mode programmable charge balanced neural stimulation.
(Biomedical engineering online, 2017-08)<h4>Background</h4>Neural stimulation is an important method used to activate or inhibit action potentials of the neuronal anatomical targets found in the brain, central nerve and peripheral nerve. The neural stimulator ... -
A cord blood monocyte-derived cell therapy product accelerates brain remyelination.
(JCI insight, 2016-08-18)Microglia and monocytes play important roles in regulating brain remyelination. We developed DUOC-01, a cell therapy product intended for treatment of demyelinating diseases, from banked human umbilical cord blood ... -
A cross-species approach using an in vivo evaluation platform in mice demonstrates that sequence variation in human RABEP2 modulates ischemic stroke outcomes.
(American journal of human genetics, 2022-10)Ischemic stroke, caused by vessel blockage, results in cerebral infarction, the death of brain tissue. Previously, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of cerebral infarct volume and collateral vessel number identified ... -
A Diffusion MRI Tractography Connectome of the Mouse Brain and Comparison with Neuronal Tracer Data.
(Cereb Cortex, 2015-11)Interest in structural brain connectivity has grown with the understanding that abnormal neural connections may play a role in neurologic and psychiatric diseases. Small animal connectivity mapping techniques are particularly ... -
A framework for integrating the songbird brain.
(J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol, 2002-12)Biological systems by default involve complex components with complex relationships. To decipher how biological systems work, we assume that one needs to integrate information over multiple levels of complexity. The songbird ... -
A membrane-associated progesterone-binding protein, 25-Dx, is regulated by progesterone in brain regions involved in female reproductive behaviors.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2000-11-07)The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) plays a central role in the regulation of the female reproductive behavior lordosis, a behavior dependent upon the sequential activation of receptors for the ovarian steroid hormones estradiol ... -
A relationship between behavior, neurotrophin expression, and new neuron survival.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2000-07-18)The high vocal center (HVC) controls song production in songbirds and sends a projection to the robust nucleus of the archistriatum (RA) of the descending vocal pathway. HVC receives new neurons in adulthood. Most of the ... -
A screw microdrive for adjustable chronic unit recording in monkeys.
(J Neurosci Methods, 1998-06-01)A screw microdrive is described that attaches to the grid system used for recording single neurons from brains of awake behaving monkeys. Multiple screwdrives can be mounted on a grid over a single cranial opening. This ... -
A switch in the control of growth of the wing imaginal disks of Manduca sexta.
(PLoS One, 2010-05-19)BACKGROUND: Insulin and ecdysone are the key extrinsic regulators of growth for the wing imaginal disks of insects. In vitro tissue culture studies have shown that these two growth regulators act synergistically: either ... -
Activation in mesolimbic and visuospatial neural circuits elicited by smoking cues: evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging.
(Am J Psychiatry, 2002-06)OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to increase understanding of the brain mechanisms involved in cigarette addiction by identifying neural substrates modulated by visual smoking cues in nicotine-deprived smokers. METHOD: Event-related ... -
Activation of the ATF6 (Activating Transcription Factor 6) Signaling Pathway in Neurons Improves Outcome After Cardiac Arrest in Mice.
(Journal of the American Heart Association, 2021-06-11)Background Ischemia/reperfusion injury impairs proteostasis, and triggers adaptive cellular responses, such as the unfolded protein response (UPR), which functions to restore endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. After cardiac ... -
Adult age differences in functional connectivity during executive control.
(Neuroimage, 2010-08-15)Task switching requires executive control processes that undergo age-related decline. Previous neuroimaging studies have identified age-related differences in brain activation associated with global switching effects (dual-task ... -
Age-dependent white matter disruptions after military traumatic brain injury: Multivariate analysis results from ENIGMA brain injury.
(Human brain mapping, 2022-06)Mild Traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a signature wound in military personnel, and repetitive mTBI has been linked to age-related neurogenerative disorders that affect white matter (WM) in the brain. However, findings of ... -
Age-related differences in resolving semantic and phonological competition during receptive language tasks.
(Neuropsychologia, 2016-12)Receptive language (e.g., reading) is largely preserved in the aging brain, and semantic processes in particular may continue to develop throughout the lifespan. We investigated the neural underpinnings of phonological and ... -
Age-related differences in the neural bases of phonological and semantic processes.
(Journal of cognitive neuroscience, 2014-12)Changes in language functions during normal aging are greater for phonological compared with semantic processes. To investigate the behavioral and neural basis for these age-related differences, we used fMRI to examine younger ... -
Aging Is Associated With Impaired Activation of Protein Homeostasis-Related Pathways After Cardiac Arrest in Mice.
(Journal of the American Heart Association, 2018-09)Background The mechanisms underlying worse outcome at advanced age after cardiac arrest ( CA ) and resuscitation are not well understood. Because protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is essential for cellular and organismal ... -
Allogeneic Umbilical Cord Blood Infusion for Adults with Ischemic Stroke: Clinical Outcomes from a Phase I Safety Study.
(Stem cells translational medicine, 2018-07)Stroke is a major cause of death and long-term disability, affecting one in six people worldwide. The only currently available approved pharmacological treatment for ischemic stroke is tissue plasminogen activator; however, ... -
Altered diffusion tensor imaging measurements in aged transgenic Huntington disease rats.
(Brain Struct Funct, 2013-05)Rodent models of Huntington disease (HD) are valuable tools for investigating HD pathophysiology and evaluating new therapeutic approaches. Non-invasive characterization of HD-related phenotype changes is important for monitoring ... -
Altered white matter microstructural organization in posttraumatic stress disorder across 3047 adults: results from the PGC-ENIGMA PTSD consortium.
(Molecular psychiatry, 2021-08)A growing number of studies have examined alterations in white matter organization in people with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using diffusion MRI (dMRI), but the results have been mixed which may be partially due ... -
An In Vivo Definition of Brain Histamine Dynamics Reveals Critical Neuromodulatory Roles for This Elusive Messenger.
(International journal of molecular sciences, 2022-11)Histamine is well known for mediating peripheral inflammation; however, this amine is also found in high concentrations in the brain where its roles are much less known. In vivo chemical dynamics are difficult to measure, ...
