Browsing by Subject "Centromere"
Now showing items 1-12 of 12
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A genetic memory initiates the epigenetic loop necessary to preserve centromere position.
(The EMBO journal, 2020-10)Centromeres are built on repetitive DNA sequences (CenDNA) and a specific chromatin enriched with the histone H3 variant CENP-A, the epigenetic mark that identifies centromere position. Here, we interrogate the importance ... -
Epigenomic Mechanisms of Centromere Function and Chromosome Rearrangements
(2012)The centromere is essential for chromosome segregation and genome stability. It is the site of kinetochore assembly and chromosome attachment to the spindle microtubules, and it is important for chromosome movement during ... -
Functional epialleles at an endogenous human centromere.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2012-08-21)Human centromeres are defined by megabases of homogenous alpha-satellite DNA arrays that are packaged into specialized chromatin marked by the centromeric histone variant, centromeric protein A (CENP-A). Although most human ... -
Genomic and Epigenomic Attributes of Alpha Satellite Underlying Function Within the Human Centromere Region
(2018)The centromere serves as the foundation for the kinetochore and attachment point for spindle microtubules during metaphase. The proper function of this locus is required to ensure chromosome segregation and genomic stability. ... -
Genomic and functional variation of human centromeres.
(Experimental cell research, 2020-04)Centromeres are central to chromosome segregation and genome stability, and thus their molecular foundations are important for understanding their function and the ways in which they go awry. Human centromeres typically ... -
Genomic size of CENP-A domain is proportional to total alpha satellite array size at human centromeres and expands in cancer cells.
(Chromosome Res, 2011-05)Human centromeres contain multi-megabase-sized arrays of alpha satellite DNA, a family of satellite DNA repeats based on a tandemly arranged 171 bp monomer. The centromere-specific histone protein CENP-A is assembled on ... -
Going the distance: Neocentromeres make long-range contacts with heterochromatin.
(The Journal of cell biology, 2019-01)Neocentromeres are ectopic centromeres that form at noncanonical, usually nonrepetitive, genomic locations. Nishimura et al. (2019. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201805003) explore the three-dimensional architecture ... -
Histone modifications within the human X centromere region.
(PLoS One, 2009-08-12)Human centromeres are multi-megabase regions of highly ordered arrays of alpha satellite DNA that are separated from chromosome arms by unordered alpha satellite monomers and other repetitive elements. Complexities in assembling ... -
How the kinetochore couples microtubule force and centromere stretch to move chromosomes.
(Nature cell biology, 2016-04)The Ndc80 complex (Ndc80, Nuf2, Spc24 and Spc25) is a highly conserved kinetochore protein essential for end-on anchorage to spindle microtubule plus ends and for force generation coupled to plus-end polymerization ... -
Hybrid de novo genome assembly and centromere characterization of the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus).
(BMC biology, 2017-11-16)The de novo assembly of repeat-rich mammalian genomes using only high-throughput short read sequencing data typically results in highly fragmented genome assemblies that limit downstream applications. Here, we present an ... -
Telomere disruption results in non-random formation of de novo dicentric chromosomes involving acrocentric human chromosomes.
(PLoS Genet, 2010-08-12)Genome rearrangement often produces chromosomes with two centromeres (dicentrics) that are inherently unstable because of bridge formation and breakage during cell division. However, mammalian dicentrics, and particularly ... -
Telomere-to-telomere assembly of a complete human X chromosome.
(Nature, 2020-09)After two decades of improvements, the current human reference genome (GRCh38) is the most accurate and complete vertebrate genome ever produced. However, no single chromosome has been finished end to end, and hundreds of ...
