Browsing by Subject "DNA Damage"
Now showing items 1-20 of 24
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A genome-wide RNAi screen reveals multiple regulators of caspase activation.
(The Journal of cell biology, 2007-11-12)Apoptosis is an evolutionally conserved cellular suicide mechanism that can be activated in response to a variety of stressful stimuli. Increasing evidence suggests that apoptotic regulation relies on specialized cell death ... -
A recessive variant of XRCC4 predisposes to non- BRCA1/2 breast cancer in chinese women and impairs the DNA damage response via dysregulated nuclear localization.
(Oncotarget, 2014-12)XRCC4 plays a crucial role in the non-homologous end joining pathway that maintains genome stability. In this two-stage case-control study with 1,764 non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer patients and 1,623 cancer-free controls, we ... -
Altered gene expression and DNA damage in peripheral blood cells from Friedreich's ataxia patients: cellular model of pathology.
(PLoS Genet, 2010-01-15)The neurodegenerative disease Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is the most common autosomal-recessively inherited ataxia and is caused by a GAA triplet repeat expansion in the first intron of the frataxin gene. In this disease, ... -
Association between DNA damage response and repair genes and risk of invasive serous ovarian cancer.
(PLoS One, 2010-04-08)BACKGROUND: We analyzed the association between 53 genes related to DNA repair and p53-mediated damage response and serous ovarian cancer risk using case-control data from the North Carolina Ovarian Cancer Study (NCOCS), ... -
BRD4 Prevents R-Loop Formation and Transcription-Replication Conflicts by Ensuring Efficient Transcription Elongation.
(Cell reports, 2020-09)Effective spatio-temporal control of transcription and replication during S-phase is paramount to maintaining genomic integrity and cell survival. Dysregulation of these systems can lead to conflicts between the transcription ... -
CometChip enables parallel analysis of multiple DNA repair activities.
(DNA repair, 2021-10)DNA damage can be cytotoxic and mutagenic, and it is directly linked to aging, cancer, and other diseases. To counteract the deleterious effects of DNA damage, cells have evolved highly conserved DNA repair pathways. Many ... -
Distinct functions of POT1 at telomeres.
(2008)Telomeres are nucleoprotein complexes that constitute the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomeres differentiate the end of the chromosome from sites of DNA damage and control cellular replicative potential. The loss of ... -
DNA adducts of decarbamoyl mitomycin C efficiently kill cells without wild-type p53 resulting from proteasome-mediated degradation of checkpoint protein 1.
(Chem Res Toxicol, 2010-07-19)The mitomycin derivative 10-decarbamoyl mitomycin C (DMC) more rapidly activates a p53-independent cell death pathway than mitomycin C (MC). We recently documented that an increased proportion of mitosene1-beta-adduct formation ... -
Gene expression signatures that predict radiation exposure in mice and humans.
(PLoS Med, 2007-04)BACKGROUND: The capacity to assess environmental inputs to biological phenotypes is limited by methods that can accurately and quantitatively measure these contributions. One such example can be seen in the context of exposure ... -
HLA-B-associated transcript 3 (Bat3)/Scythe is essential for p300-mediated acetylation of p53.
(Genes Dev, 2007-04-01)In response to DNA damage, p53 undergoes post-translational modifications (including acetylation) that are critical for its transcriptional activity. However, the mechanism by which p53 acetylation is regulated is still ... -
Human genetic risk of treatment with antiviral nucleoside analog drugs that induce lethal mutagenesis: The special case of molnupiravir.
(Environmental and molecular mutagenesis, 2022-01)This review considers antiviral nucleoside analog drugs, including ribavirin, favipiravir, and molnupiravir, which induce genome error catastrophe in SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 via lethal mutagenesis as a mode of action. In ... -
Human longevity and variation in GH/IGF-1/insulin signaling, DNA damage signaling and repair and pro/antioxidant pathway genes: cross sectional and longitudinal studies.
(Exp Gerontol, 2012-05)Here we explore association with human longevity of common genetic variation in three major candidate pathways: GH/IGF-1/insulin signaling, DNA damage signaling and repair and pro/antioxidants by investigating 1273 tagging ... -
Mitochondrial DNA damage induced autophagy, cell death, and disease.
(Front Biosci (Landmark Ed), 2016-01-01)Mammalian mitochondria contain multiple small genomes. While these organelles have efficient base excision removal of oxidative DNA lesions and alkylation damage, many DNA repair systems that work on nuclear DNA damage are ... -
Mitotic DNA Damage Responses in Drosophila Polyploid Rectal Papillar Cells
(2021)Mitosis involves the faithful segregation of two identical copies of chromosomes into two daughter cells. This process is highly regulated to maintain genome integrity, as mis-segregation of partial or whole chromosomes ... -
Nrf2 inactivation enhances placental angiogenesis in a preeclampsia mouse model and improves maternal and fetal outcomes.
(Science signaling, 2017-05-16)Placental activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to affect placental angiogenesis, which is critical for preventing ... -
Nucleolar organization, ribosomal DNA array stability, and acrocentric chromosome integrity are linked to telomere function.
(PLoS One, 2014)The short arms of the ten acrocentric human chromosomes share several repetitive DNAs, including ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA). The rDNA arrays correspond to nucleolar organizing regions that coalesce each cell cycle to form ... -
PCR-Based Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, Mitochondrial DNA Damage, and Nuclear DNA Damage.
(Curr Protoc Toxicol, 2016-02-01)Because of the role that DNA damage and depletion play in human disease, it is important to develop and improve tools to assess these endpoints. This unit describes PCR-based methods to measure nuclear and mitochondrial ... -
Single-cell microarray enables high-throughput evaluation of DNA double-strand breaks and DNA repair inhibitors.
(Cell Cycle, 2013-03-15)A key modality of non-surgical cancer management is DNA damaging therapy that causes DNA double-strand breaks that are preferentially toxic to rapidly dividing cancer cells. Double-strand break repair capacity is recognized ... -
Structural and Functional Analysis of the GADD34:PP1 eIF2α Phosphatase.
(Cell reports, 2015-06-18)The attenuation of protein synthesis via the phosphorylation of eIF2α is a major stress response of all eukaryotic cells. The growth-arrest- and DNA-damage-induced transcript 34 (GADD34) bound to the serine/threonine protein ... -
Suppression of CHK1 by ETS Family Members Promotes DNA Damage Response Bypass and Tumorigenesis.
(Cancer discovery, 2015-05)UNLABELLED:The ETS family of transcription factors has been repeatedly implicated in tumorigenesis. In prostate cancer, ETS family members, such as ERG, ETV1, ETV4, and ETV5, are frequently overexpressed due to chromosomal ...
