Browsing by Subject "Decision Making"
Now showing items 1-20 of 49
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A conceptual framework for patient-centered fertility treatment.
(Reproductive health, 2017-09-07)BACKGROUND:Patient-centered care is a pillar of quality health care and is important to patients experiencing infertility. In this study we used empirical, in-depth data on couples' experiences of infertility treatment decision ... -
A framework for revising preservice curriculum for nonphysician clinicians: The mozambique experience.
(Educ Health (Abingdon), 2014-09)Mozambique, with approximately 0.4 physicians and 4.1 nurses per 10,000 people, has one of the lowest ratios of health care providers to population in the world. To rapidly scale up health care coverage, the Mozambique Ministry ... -
A randomized controlled trial of standard versus intensified tuberculosis diagnostics on treatment decisions by physicians in Northern Tanzania.
(BMC Infect Dis, 2014-02-20)BACKGROUND: Routine tuberculosis culture remains unavailable in many high-burden areas, including Tanzania. This study sought to determine the impact of providing mycobacterial culture results over standard of care ... -
A typology of time-scale mismatches and behavioral interventions to diagnose and solve conservation problems.
(Conserv Biol, 2016-02)Ecological systems often operate on time scales significantly longer or shorter than the time scales typical of human decision making, which causes substantial difficulty for conservation and management in socioecological ... -
Adult age differences in frontostriatal representation of prediction error but not reward outcome.
(Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci, 2014-06)Emerging evidence from decision neuroscience suggests that although younger and older adults show similar frontostriatal representations of reward magnitude, older adults often show deficits in feedback-driven reinforcement ... -
Age-related slowing in the retrieval of information from long-term memory.
(Journal of gerontology, 1985-03)The present experiment investigated adult age differences in the retrieval of information from long-term memory. Each trial required a decision regarding the synonymy of two visually presented words. On the yes-response ... -
An analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database, Part 1. Disability, quality of life, and pain outcomes following lumbar spine surgery: predicting likely individual patient outcomes for shared decision-making.
(Journal of neurosurgery. Spine, 2017-10)OBJECTIVE Quality and outcomes registry platforms lie at the center of many emerging evidence-driven reform models. Specifically, clinical registry data are progressively informing health care decision-making. In this analysis, ... -
An analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database, Part 2. Predictive model for return to work after elective surgery for lumbar degenerative disease.
(Journal of neurosurgery. Spine, 2017-10)OBJECTIVE Current costs associated with spine care are unsustainable. Productivity loss and time away from work for patients who were once gainfully employed contributes greatly to the financial burden experienced by individuals ... -
Assessing applicability when comparing medical interventions: AHRQ and the Effective Health Care Program.
(Journal of clinical epidemiology, 2011-11)<h4>Objective</h4>To describe a systematic approach for identifying, reporting, and synthesizing information to allow consistent and transparent consideration of the applicability of the evidence in a systematic review according ... -
Buying into conservation: intrinsic versus instrumental value.
(Trends Ecol Evol, 2009-04)Many conservation biologists believe the best ethical basis for conserving natural entities is their claimed intrinsic value, not their instrumental value for humans. But there is significant confusion about what intrinsic ... -
Can prospect theory explain risk-seeking behavior by terminally ill patients?
(Med Decis Making, 2005-11)Patients with life-threatening conditions sometimes appear to make risky treatment decisions as their condition declines, contradicting the risk-averse behavior predicted by expected utility theory. Prospect theory accommodates ... -
CAUSAL INFERENCE FOR HIGH-STAKES DECISIONS
(2023)Causal inference methods are commonly used across domains to aid high-stakes decision-making. The validity of causal studies often relies on strong assumptions that might not be realistic in high-stakes scenarios. Inferences ... -
Chapter 6: assessing applicability of medical test studies in systematic reviews.
(Journal of general internal medicine, 2012-06)Use of medical tests should be guided by research evidence about the accuracy and utility of those tests in clinical care settings. Systematic reviews of the literature about medical tests must address applicability to real-world ... -
Chimpanzees and bonobos distinguish between risk and ambiguity.
(Biol Lett, 2011-02-23)Although recent research has investigated animal decision-making under risk, little is known about how animals choose under conditions of ambiguity when they lack information about the available alternatives. Many models ... -
Communication practices in physician decision-making for an unstable critically ill patient with end-stage cancer.
(J Palliat Med, 2010-08)BACKGROUND: Shared decision-making has become the standard of care for most medical treatments. However, little is known about physician communication practices in the decision making for unstable critically ill patients ... -
Complexities and Challenges of Singapore Nurses Providing Postacute Home Care in Multicultural Communities: A Grounded Theory Study.
(Journal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society, 2018-09)INTRODUCTION:Studies are needed to inform the preparation of community nurses to address patient behavioral and social factors contributing to unnecessary readmissions to hospital. This study uses nurses' input to understand ... -
Cortical Brain Activity Reflecting Attentional Biasing Toward Reward-Predicting Cues Covaries with Economic Decision-Making Performance.
(Cereb Cortex, 2016-01)Adaptive choice behavior depends critically on identifying and learning from outcome-predicting cues. We hypothesized that attention may be preferentially directed toward certain outcome-predicting cues. We studied this ... -
Differences between chest pain observation service patients and admitted "rule-out myocardial infarction" patients.
(Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 1997-07)<h4>Objective</h4>To compare and contrast the patient characteristics of ED patients at low risk for acute cardiac ischemia who were assigned to a chest pain observation service vs those admitted to a monitored inpatient ... -
Empiric antibiotic treatment of erythema migrans-like skin lesions as a function of geography: a clinical and cost effectiveness modeling study.
(Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis, 2013-12)The skin lesion of early Lyme disease, erythema migrans (EM), is so characteristic that routine practice is to treat all such patients with antibiotics. Because other skin lesions may resemble EM, it is not known whether ... -
Estimation and validation of a multiattribute model of Alzheimer disease progression.
(Med Decis Making, 2010-11)OBJECTIVES: To estimate and validate a multiattribute model of the clinical course of Alzheimer disease (AD) from mild AD to death in a high-quality prospective cohort study, and to estimate the impact of hypothetical ...
