Browsing by Subject "Enzyme Activation"
Now showing items 1-20 of 24
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A decade of caspases.
(Oncogene, 2003-11)Caspases are a family of cysteine proteases that play important roles in regulating apoptosis. A decade of research has generated a wealth of information on the signal transduction pathways mediated by caspases, the distinct ... -
A genome-wide RNAi screen reveals multiple regulators of caspase activation.
(The Journal of cell biology, 2007-11-12)Apoptosis is an evolutionally conserved cellular suicide mechanism that can be activated in response to a variety of stressful stimuli. Increasing evidence suggests that apoptotic regulation relies on specialized cell death ... -
Activation and targeting of extracellular signal-regulated kinases by beta-arrestin scaffolds.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2001-02-27)Using both confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and biochemical approaches, we have examined the role of beta-arrestins in the activation and targeting of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) following stimulation ... -
beta-Arrestin-mediated PDE4 cAMP phosphodiesterase recruitment regulates beta-adrenoceptor switching from Gs to Gi.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2003-02-04)Phosphorylation of the beta(2) adrenoreceptor (beta(2)AR) by cAMP-activated protein kinase A (PKA) switches its predominant coupling from stimulatory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein (G(s)) to inhibitory guanine nucleotide ... -
Calcineurin activation causes retinal ganglion cell degeneration.
(Mol Vis, 2012)PURPOSE: We previously reported that calcineurin, a Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase, is activated and proposed that it participates in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis in two rodent ... -
Costimulation of adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C by a mutant alpha 1B-adrenergic receptor transgene promotes malignant transformation of thyroid follicular cells.
(Endocrinology, 1997-01)Proliferation of thyroid follicular cells is controlled by three intra-cellular cascades [cAMP, inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3)/Ca2+/diacylglycerol (DAG), and tyrosine kinases] that are activated by distinct extracellular ... -
Deregulated PP1α phosphatase activity towards MAPK activation is antagonized by a tumor suppressive failsafe mechanism.
(Nature communications, 2018-01-15)The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is frequently aberrantly activated in advanced cancers, including metastatic prostate cancer (CaP). However, activating mutations or gene rearrangements among MAPK signaling ... -
Desensitization, internalization, and signaling functions of beta-arrestins demonstrated by RNA interference.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2003-02-18)Beta-arrestins bind to activated G protein-coupled receptor kinase-phosphorylated receptors, which leads to their desensitization with respect to G proteins, internalization via clathrin-coated pits, and signaling via a ... -
Direct evidence that Gi-coupled receptor stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase is mediated by G beta gamma activation of p21ras.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1994-12-20)Stimulation of Gi-coupled receptors leads to the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases). In several cell types, this appears to be dependent on the activation of p21ras (Ras). Which G-protein subunit(s) ... -
Disrupting the vicious cycle created by NOX activation in sickle erythrocytes exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation prevents adhesion and vasoocclusion.
(Redox biology, 2019-07)In sickle cell disease (SCD), recurrent painful vasoocclusive crisis are likely caused by repeated episodes of hypoxia and reoxygenation. The sickle erythrocyte (SSRBC) adhesion plays an active role in vasoocclusion. However, ... -
Effects of neuronal PIK3C3/Vps34 deletion on autophagy and beyond.
(Autophagy, 2010-08)PIK3C3/Vps34 plays important roles in the endocytic and autophagic pathways, both of which are essential for maintaining neuronal integrity. However, it is unclear how inactivating PIK3C3 may affect neuronal endosomal versus ... -
Emerging treatment options to improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome: focus on losmapimod.
(Drug Des Devel Ther, 2015)Each year, despite optimal use of recommended acute and secondary prevention therapies, 4%-5% of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) experience relapse of ACS or other cardiovascular events including stroke, heart ... -
Emi2-mediated inhibition of E2-substrate ubiquitin transfer by the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome through a D-box-independent mechanism.
(Mol Biol Cell, 2010-08-01)Vertebrate eggs are arrested at Metaphase II by Emi2, the meiotic anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) inhibitor. Although the importance of Emi2 during oocyte maturation has been widely recognized and its regulation ... -
Engineering a BCR-ABL-activated caspase for the selective elimination of leukemic cells.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2013-02-05)Increased understanding of the precise molecular mechanisms involved in cell survival and cell death signaling pathways offers the promise of harnessing these molecules to eliminate cancer cells without damaging normal cells. ... -
Functionally active targeting domain of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase: an inhibitor of G beta gamma-mediated stimulation of type II adenylyl cyclase.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1994-04-26)The beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (beta ARK) phosphorylates its membrane-associated receptor substrates, such as the beta-adrenergic receptor, triggering events leading to receptor desensitization. beta ARK activity is ... -
G protein beta gamma subunits stimulate phosphorylation of Shc adapter protein.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1995-09-26)The mechanism of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activation by pertussis toxin-sensitive Gi-coupled receptors is known to involve the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins (G beta gamma), p21ras activation, ... -
Heme Oxygenase-1/Carbon Monoxide System and Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation and Maturation into Cardiomyocytes.
(Antioxid Redox Signal, 2016-03-01)AIMS: The differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells into energetically efficient cardiomyocytes contributes to functional cardiac repair and is envisioned to ameliorate progressive degenerative cardiac diseases. Advanced ... -
Independent beta-arrestin 2 and G protein-mediated pathways for angiotensin II activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2003-09-16)Stimulation of a mutant angiotensin type 1A receptor (DRY/AAY) with angiotensin II (Ang II) or of a wild-type receptor with an Ang II analog ([sarcosine1,Ile4,Ile8]Ang II) fails to activate classical heterotrimeric G protein ... -
Ligation of cell surface GRP78 with antibody directed against the COOH-terminal domain of GRP78 suppresses Ras/MAPK and PI 3-kinase/AKT signaling while promoting caspase activation in human prostate cancer cells.
(Cancer Biol Ther, 2010-01)We have previously shown that treatment of prostate cancer and melanoma cells expressing GRP78 on their cell surface with antibody directed against the COOH-terminal domain of GRP78 upregulates and activates p53 causing ... -
MnSOD is implicated in accelerated wound healing upon Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT): A case in point for MnSOD mimetics as adjuvants for wound management.
(Redox biology, 2019-01)Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT), a widely used modality in the management of surgical and trauma wounds, offers clear benefits over conventional wound healing strategies. Despite the wide-ranging effects ascribed ...
