Browsing by Subject "Executive Function"
Now showing items 1-12 of 12
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Adult age differences in functional connectivity during executive control.
(Neuroimage, 2010-08-15)Task switching requires executive control processes that undergo age-related decline. Previous neuroimaging studies have identified age-related differences in brain activation associated with global switching effects (dual-task ... -
Aerobic exercise and neurocognitive performance: a meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials.
(Psychosom Med, 2010-04)OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of aerobic exercise training on neurocognitive performance. Although the effects of exercise on neurocognition have been the subject of several previous reviews and meta-analyses, they have ... -
Association between increased magnetic susceptibility of deep gray matter nuclei and decreased motor function in healthy adults.
(Neuroimage, 2015-01-15)In the human brain, iron is more prevalent in gray matter than in white matter, and deep gray matter structures, particularly the globus pallidus, putamen, caudate nucleus, substantia nigra, red nucleus, and dentate nucleus, ... -
Effects of adult age and blood pressure on executive function and speed of processing.
(Experimental aging research, 2010-04)Previous research has established that the effects of chronically increased blood pressure (BP) on cognition interact with adult age, but the relevant cognitive processes are not well defined. In this cross-sectional study, ... -
Effects of task instruction on autobiographical memory specificity in young and older adults.
(Memory, 2014)Older adults tend to retrieve autobiographical information that is overly general (i.e., not restricted to a single event, termed the overgenerality effect) relative to young adults' specific memories. A vast majority of ... -
Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet, exercise, and caloric restriction on neurocognition in overweight adults with high blood pressure.
(Hypertension, 2010-06)High blood pressure increases the risks of stroke, dementia, and neurocognitive dysfunction. Although aerobic exercise and dietary modifications have been shown to reduce blood pressure, no randomized trials have examined ... -
Essays in Development Economics: Health and Human Capital through the Life Course
(2018)This dissertation presents three essays on topics in development economics. Drawing on rich longitudinal data as well as measures of cognitive skills adapted from cognitive neuroscience, the chapters focus on health and ... -
Functional modular architecture underlying attentional control in aging.
(NeuroImage, 2017-07)Previous research suggests that age-related differences in attention reflect the interaction of top-down and bottom-up processes, but the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying this interaction remain an active area ... -
Less wiring, more firing: low-performing older adults compensate for impaired white matter with greater neural activity.
(Cereb Cortex, 2015-04)The reliable neuroimaging finding that older adults often show greater activity (over-recruitment) than younger adults is typically attributed to compensation. Yet, the neural mechanisms of over-recruitment in older adults ... -
Sources of disconnection in neurocognitive aging: cerebral white-matter integrity, resting-state functional connectivity, and white-matter hyperintensity volume.
(Neurobiol Aging, 2017-06)Age-related decline in fluid cognition can be characterized as a disconnection among specific brain structures, leading to a decline in functional efficiency. The potential sources of disconnection, however, are unclear. ... -
The neural dynamics of stimulus and response conflict processing as a function of response complexity and task demands.
(Neuropsychologia, 2016-04)Both stimulus and response conflict can disrupt behavior by slowing response times and decreasing accuracy. Although several neural activations have been associated with conflict processing, it is unclear how specific any ... -
Visual Acuity does not Moderate Effect Sizes of Higher-Level Cognitive Tasks.
(Experimental aging research, 2016-05)<h4>Background/study context</h4>Declining visual capacities in older adults have been posited as a driving force behind adult age differences in higher-order cognitive functions (e.g., the "common cause" hypothesis ...
