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Browsing by Subject "Life Change Events"
Now showing items 1-20 of 30
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A defensive mindset: A pattern of social information processing that develops early and predicts life course outcomes.
(Child development, 2022-07)The hypothesis was tested that some children develop a defensive mindset that subsumes individual social information processing (SIP) steps, grows from early experiences, and guides long-term outcomes. In Study 1 (Fast Track ... -
A memory-based model of posttraumatic stress disorder: evaluating basic assumptions underlying the PTSD diagnosis.
(Psychol Rev, 2008-10)In the mnemonic model of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the current memory of a negative event, not the event itself, determines symptoms. The model is an alternative to the current event-based etiology of PTSD represented ... -
A neural biomarker of psychological vulnerability to future life stress.
(Neuron, 2015-02-04)We all experience a host of common life stressors such as the death of a family member, medical illness, and financial uncertainty. While most of us are resilient to such stressors, continuing to function normally, for a ... -
An experience-sampling study of depressive symptoms and their social context.
(J Nerv Ment Dis, 2011-06)Both clinical and subclinical depression are associated with social impairment; however, few studies have examined the impact of social contact in the daily lives of people with depressive symptoms. The current study used ... -
Autobiographical memory for stressful events: the role of autobiographical memory in posttraumatic stress disorder.
(Conscious Cogn, 2011-09)To provide the three-way comparisons needed to test existing theories, we compared (1) most-stressful memories to other memories and (2) involuntary to voluntary memories (3) in 75 community dwelling adults with and 42 without ... -
Changes in neuroticism following trauma exposure.
(J Pers, 2014-04)Using longitudinal data, the present study examined change in midlife neuroticism following trauma exposure. Our primary analyses included 670 participants (M(age) = 60.55; 65.22% male, 99.70% Caucasian) who completed the ... -
Confidence, not consistency, characterizes flashbulb memories.
(Psychol Sci, 2003-09)On September 12, 2001, 54 Duke students recorded their memory of first hearing about the terrorist attacks of September 11 and of a recent everyday event. They were tested again either 1, 6, or 32 weeks later. Consistency ... -
Cultural life scripts structure recall from autobiographical memory.
(Mem Cognit, 2004-04)Three classes of evidence demonstrate the existence of life scripts, or culturally shared representations of the timing of major transitional life events. First, a reanalysis of earlier studies on age norms shows an increase ... -
Distribution of important and word-cued autobiographical memories in 20-, 35-, and 70-year-old adults.
(Psychol Aging, 1997-09)For word-cued autobiographical memories, older adults had an increase, or bump, from the ages 10 to 30. All age groups had fewer memories from childhood than from other years and a power-function retention for memories from ... -
Emotional intensity predicts autobiographical memory experience.
(Mem Cognit, 2004-10)College students generated autobiographical memories from distinct emotional categories that varied in valence (positive vs. negative) and intensity (high vs. low). They then rated various perceptual, cognitive, and emotional ... -
Emotionally charged autobiographical memories across the life span: the recall of happy, sad, traumatic, and involuntary memories.
(Psychology and aging, 2002-12)A sample of 1,241 respondents between 20 and 93 years old were asked their age in their happiest, saddest, most traumatic, most important memory, and most recent involuntary memory. For older respondents, there was a clear ... -
Flashbulb memories and posttraumatic stress reactions across the life span: age-related effects of the German occupation of Denmark during World War II.
(Psychol Aging, 2006-03)A representative sample of older Danes were interviewed about experiences from the German occupation of Denmark in World War II. The number of participants with flashbulb memories for the German invasion (1940) and capitulation ... -
Internal languages of retrieval: the bilingual encoding of memories for the personal past.
(Mem Cognit, 2000-06)In contrast to most research on bilingual memory that focuses on how words in either lexicon are mapped onto memory for objects and concepts, we focus on memory for events in the personal past. Using a word-cue technique ... -
Life scripts help to maintain autobiographical memories of highly positive, but not highly negative, events.
(Mem Cognit, 2003-01)A representative sample of 1,307 respondents between the ages of 20 and 94 was asked how old they were when they felt most afraid, most proud, most jealous, most in love, and most angry. They were also asked when they had ... -
Life-narrative and word-cued autobiographical memories in centenarians: comparisons with 80-year-old control, depressed, and dementia groups.
(Memory, 2003-01)Centenarians provided autobiographical memories to either a request for a life narrative or a request to produce autobiographical memories to cue words. Both methods produced distributions with childhood-amnesia, ... -
Memory and coping with stress: the relationship between cognitive-emotional distinctiveness, memory valence, and distress.
(Memory, 2008)Cognitive-emotional distinctiveness (CED), the extent to which an individual separates emotions from an event in the cognitive representation of the event, was explored in four studies. CED was measured using a modified ... -
Memory in posttraumatic stress disorder: properties of voluntary and involuntary, traumatic and nontraumatic autobiographical memories in people with and without posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.
(J Exp Psychol Gen, 2008-11)One hundred fifteen undergraduates rated 15 word-cued memories and their 3 most negatively stressful, 3 most positive, and 7 most important events and completed tests of personality and depression. Eighty-nine also recorded ... -
Music, emotion, and autobiographical memory: they're playing your song.
(Mem Cognit, 1999-11)Very long-term memory for popular music was investigated. Older and younger adults listened to 20-sec excerpts of popular songs drawn from across the 20th century. The subjects gave emotionality and preference ratings and ... -
Participant, rater, and computer measures of coherence in posttraumatic stress disorder.
(J Abnorm Psychol, 2016-01)We examined the coherence of trauma memories in a trauma-exposed community sample of 30 adults with and 30 without posttraumatic stress disorder. The groups had similar categories of traumas and were matched on multiple ... -
Properties of word cues for autobiographical memory.
(Psychol Rep, 1997-08)A sample of 124 words were used to cue autobiographical memories in 120 adults varying in age from 20 to 73 years. Individual words reliably cued autobiographical memories of different ages with different speeds. For all ...
