Browsing by Subject "Medical imaging and radiology"
Now showing items 1-20 of 86
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A Dose Monitoring Program for Computed Radiography
(2012)Recently, there has been a lot of effort placed on monitoring patient dose from medical procedures. The majority of people's concern has been focused on computed tomography because of the higher amounts of patient dose associated ... -
A Novel Approach for Effective Dose Measurements in Dual-Energy
(2014)<bold>Purpose:</bold>Our goal was to test a novel concept approximating organ dose measurements using the single mean energy of the two sources in dual-energy (DE) CT environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was ... -
A Novel Comprehensive Verification Method for Multifocal RapidArc Radiosurgery Treatments
(2012)<bold>Purpose:</bold> Radiosurgery has become a widely used procedure in the treatment of both solid tumors and secondary metastases in the brain. In cases with multiple brain lesions, isocenters are typically set up for ... -
A Pattern Fusion Algorithm to Determine the Effectiveness of Predictions of Respiratory Surrogate Motion Multiple-Steps Ahead of Real Time
(2015)Purpose: Ensuring that tumor motion is within the radiation field for high-dose and high-precision radiosurgery in areas greatly influenced by respiratory motion. Therefore tracking the target or gating the radiation beam ... -
A Strategy for Matching Noise Magnitude and Texture Across CT Scanners of Different Makes and Models
(2012)<bold>Purpose: </bold> The fleet of x-ray computed tomography systems used by large medical institutions is often comprised of scanners from various manufacturers. An inhomogeneous fleet of scanners could lead to inconsistent ... -
Accuracy of Effective Dose Estimation Using Single and Double Badges and an Evaluation of Organ Dose and Image Quality in Thoracic MDCT Scans Through a Comparison of Bismuth Shields and a Global Reduction in Tube Current
(2012)<bold>Purpose:<bold> (1) To benchmark the accuracy of effective dose equivalent (EDE) of the single- and double-badge methods (NRC 2002-06) using the commercially available radiation monitors in clinical settings, (2) to ... -
Adaptive Filtering for Breast Computed Tomography: An Improvement on Current Segmentation Methods for Creating Virtual Breast Phantoms
(2015)Computerized breast phantoms have been popular for low-cost alternatives to collecting clinical data by combing them with highly realistic simulation tools. Image segmentation of three-dimensional breast computed tomography ... -
An Evaluation and Comparison of Beam Characteristics, Stray Radiation Room Surveys, Organ Dose, and Image Quality of Multiple Intra-Operative Imaging Devices for Orthopedic Lumbar Spinal Surgery
(2015)Purpose:The overall purpose of this study was a comparison of radiation exposure for patients and staff during intra-operative imaging for orthopedic lumbar spine surgery. In order to achieve this, we: (1) Characterized ... -
Assessing Dose Components to PET Technologists; Exploration of Novel Approach to PET Facility Shielding Design
(2012)Purpose: (1) To verify the accuracy and linearity of the ThermoScientific Radeye G Personal Rate Meter with respect to exposure rate across the full dynamic range of the instrument. (2) Use a combination of empirical data ... -
Automatic Volumetric Analysis of the Left Ventricle in 3D Apical Echocardiographs
(2015)Apically-acquired 3D echocardiographs (echoes) are becoming a standard data component in the clinical evaluation of left ventricular (LV) function. Ejection fraction (EF) is one of the key quantitative biomarkers derived ... -
Characterization of Gynecological Tumors using Texture Analysis in the Context of an 18F-FDG Adaptive PET Protocol
(2015)In radiation oncology, 18F-FDG Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is used for determining metabolic activity of cancers as well as delineating gross tumor volumes (GTV) for treatment planning. More recently, PET is being ... -
Chronic Myocardial Infarct Visualization Using 3D Ultrasound
(2011)This dissertation aims to demonstrate the feasibility of direct infarct visualization using 3D medical ultrasound. The dissertation proceeds by providing the first ever demonstration of fully-sampled 3D ultrasonic speckle ... -
Clinical and Research Applications of 3D Dosimetry
(2015-01-01)Quality assurance (QA) is a critical component of radiation oncology medical physics for both effective treatment and patient safety, particularly as innovations in technology allow movement toward advanced treatment techniques ... -
Clinical Implications of AAA Commissioning Errors and Ability of Common Commissioning & Credentialing Procedures to Detect Them
(2014)Purpose: To test the ability of the TG-119 commissioning process and the IROC credentialing to detect errors in the commissioning process for a commercial treatment planning system.Methods: We introduced commissioning errors ... -
Comparison of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Imaging and Shear Wave Imaging (SWI) in Evaluation of Myocardial Ablation Lesions
(2013)Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is commonly used to treat cardiac arrhythmias, by generating a series of discrete RFA lesions in the myocardium to isolate arrhythmogenic conduction pathways. The size of each lesion is controlled ... -
Consensus Segmentation for Positron Emission Tomography: Development and Applications in Radiation Therapy
(2013)The use of positron emission tomography (PET) in radiation therapy has continued to grow, especially since the development of combined computed tomography (CT) and PET imaging system in the early 1990s. Today, the biggest ... -
Correlated Polarity Noise Reduction: Development, Analysis, and Application of a Novel Noise Reduction Paradigm
(2013)Image noise is a pervasive problem in medical imaging. It is a property endemic to all imaging modalities and one especially familiar in those modalities that employ ionizing radiation. Statistical uncertainty is a major ... -
Cross-Scatter in Dual-Cone X-ray Imaging: Magnitude, Avoidance, Correction, and Artifact Reduction
(2012)Onboard cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become a widespread means of three-dimensional target localization for radiation therapy; however, it is susceptible to metal artifacts and beam-hardening artifacts that can ... -
CT Radiation Dosimetry Study using Monte Carlo Simulation and Computational Anthropomorphic Phantoms
(2012)There are three main x-ray based modalities for imaging the thorax: radiography, tomosynthesis, and computed tomography (CT). CT perhaps provides the highest level of feature resolution but at notably higher radiation dose, ... -
Delivery of Myoglobin Polymersomes Results in Tumor Hemorrhagic Necrosis and Enhanced Radiation Response
(2015)There is a critical need to target tumor hypoxia as patients with hypoxic tumors have worse prognosis due to aggressive phenotypes and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The overall goal of this work is to improve ...
