Browsing by Subject "Neuronal Plasticity"
Now showing items 1-20 of 25
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A neurophysiological study into the foundations of tonal harmony.
(Neuroreport, 2009-02-18)Our findings provide magnetoencephalographic evidence that the mismatch-negativity response to two-note chords (dyads) is modulated by a combination of abstract cognitive differences and lower-level differences in the auditory ... -
Action video game playing is associated with improved visual sensitivity, but not alterations in visual sensory memory.
(Atten Percept Psychophys, 2013-08)Action video game playing has been experimentally linked to a number of perceptual and cognitive improvements. These benefits are captured through a wide range of psychometric tasks and have led to the proposition that action ... -
Activation of Rod Input in a Model of Retinal Degeneration Reverses Retinal Remodeling and Induces Formation of Functional Synapses and Recovery of Visual Signaling in the Adult Retina.
(The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2019-08)A major cause of human blindness is the death of rod photoreceptors. As rods degenerate, synaptic structures between rod and rod bipolar cells disappear and the rod bipolar cells extend their dendrites and occasionally make ... -
Astrocytes: Orchestrating synaptic plasticity?
(Neuroscience, 2016-05)Synaptic plasticity is the capacity of a preexisting connection between two neurons to change in strength as a function of neural activity. Because synaptic plasticity is the major candidate mechanism for learning and memory, ... -
Attractor Dynamics in Networks with Learning Rules Inferred from In Vivo Data.
(Neuron, 2018-07)The attractor neural network scenario is a popular scenario for memory storage in the association cortex, but there is still a large gap between models based on this scenario and experimental data. We study a recurrent network ... -
Behavior genetics and postgenomics.
(Behav Brain Sci, 2012-10)The science of genetics is undergoing a paradigm shift. Recent discoveries, including the activity of retrotransposons, the extent of copy number variations, somatic and chromosomal mosaicism, and the nature of the epigenome ... -
Calcium-based plasticity model explains sensitivity of synaptic changes to spike pattern, rate, and dendritic location.
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012-03)Multiple stimulation protocols have been found to be effective in changing synaptic efficacy by inducing long-term potentiation or depression. In many of those protocols, increases in postsynaptic calcium concentration have ... -
Cell type-specific changes in retinal ganglion cell function induced by rod death and cone reorganization in rats.
(Journal of neurophysiology, 2017-07)We have determined the impact of rod death and cone reorganization on the spatiotemporal receptive fields (RFs) and spontaneous activity of distinct retinal ganglion cell (RGC) types. We compared RGC function between healthy ... -
Cerebellar learning using perturbations.
(eLife, 2018-11-12)The cerebellum aids the learning of fast, coordinated movements. According to current consensus, erroneously active parallel fibre synapses are depressed by complex spikes signalling movement errors. However, this theory ... -
Changes in Brain Resting-state Functional Connectivity Associated with Peripheral Nerve Block: A Pilot Study.
(Anesthesiology, 2016-08)BACKGROUND: Limited information exists on the effects of temporary functional deafferentation (TFD) on brain activity after peripheral nerve block (PNB) in healthy humans. Increasingly, resting-state functional connectivity ... -
Characteristics of sequential activity in networks with temporally asymmetric Hebbian learning.
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020-11-11)Sequential activity has been observed in multiple neuronal circuits across species, neural structures, and behaviors. It has been hypothesized that sequences could arise from learning processes. However, it is still unclear ... -
Differential expression of glutamate receptors in avian neural pathways for learned vocalization.
(J Comp Neurol, 2004-08-09)Learned vocalization, the substrate for human language, is a rare trait. It is found in three distantly related groups of birds-parrots, hummingbirds, and songbirds. These three groups contain cerebral vocal nuclei for learned ... -
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Biomarkers of Stem Cell Therapy Efficacy in Pediatric Cerebral Palsy
(2012)Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive sensory-motor disorder and is one of the most costly and debilitating chronic pediatric conditions, affecting 2-3 out of 1000 children in the United States. To better understand the ... -
FoxP2 expression in avian vocal learners and non-learners.
(J Neurosci, 2004-03-31)Most vertebrates communicate acoustically, but few, among them humans, dolphins and whales, bats, and three orders of birds, learn this trait. FOXP2 is the first gene linked to human speech and has been the target of positive ... -
Is cortical connectivity optimized for storing information?
(Nature neuroscience, 2016-05)Cortical networks are thought to be shaped by experience-dependent synaptic plasticity. Theoretical studies have shown that synaptic plasticity allows a network to store a memory of patterns of activity such that they become ... -
Mechanisms of specificity in neuronal activity-regulated gene transcription.
(2012)In the nervous system, activity-regulated gene transcription is one of the fundamental processes responsible for orchestrating proper brain development–a process that in humans takes over 20 years. Moreover, activity-dependent ... -
Memory maintenance in synapses with calcium-based plasticity in the presence of background activity.
(PLoS Comput Biol, 2014-10)Most models of learning and memory assume that memories are maintained in neuronal circuits by persistent synaptic modifications induced by specific patterns of pre- and postsynaptic activity. For this scenario to be viable, ... -
Modulation of Synaptic Plasticity by Glutamatergic Gliotransmission: A Modeling Study.
(Neural plasticity, 2016-01)Glutamatergic gliotransmission, that is, the release of glutamate from perisynaptic astrocyte processes in an activity-dependent manner, has emerged as a potentially crucial signaling pathway for regulation of synaptic ... -
Neuronal Adaptation: Tired Neurons or Wired Networks?
(Trends in neurosciences, 2017-03)Neuronal adaptation - time-dependent modulation of sensory responses following sequential stimuli - is thought to be a consequence of synaptic plasticity. But recent, empirically-grounded, modeling by Quiroga and colleagues ... -
Optimal properties of analog perceptrons with excitatory weights.
(PLoS Comput Biol, 2013)The cerebellum is a brain structure which has been traditionally devoted to supervised learning. According to this theory, plasticity at the Parallel Fiber (PF) to Purkinje Cell (PC) synapses is guided by the Climbing fibers ...
